Hybrid metal halide semiconductors as novel phototherapeutic treatments against pulmonary cancer

Abstract

Disclosed herein are water-stable, lead-free metal halide semiconductor materials comprising bismuth halide frameworks and phosphonium-based organic components, as well as methods of making and using the same for therapeutic applications. The materials exhibit intrinsic photo-responsive and redox-active properties under visible light irradiation, enabling controlled generation of reactive oxygen species and selective cytotoxic activity toward cancerous cells, including pulmonary tumors, while limiting off-target effects. The incorporation of phosphonium ligands enhances charge-transfer behavior and stabilizes the metal center under physiological conditions, resulting in improved photo-activated redox performance. These hybrid materials provide a tunable platform for light-controlled or redox-mediated therapies and represent a new class of biocompatible, lead-free semiconductor agents for anticancer treatment and related biomedical applications.

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.