Carbon electrode for dye-sensitized betavoltaic batteries, betavoltaic battery including the same, and method of manufacturing the same

A method of manufacturing a carbon electrode for betavoltaic batteries, comprising:

• Step 1 of preparing a mixed solution containing an organic acid represented by Chemical Formula 1 below and an aqueous ethanol solution;
• Step 2 of preparing a carbon precursor solution by mixing the mixed solution and aqueous ammonia;
• Step 3 of coating an upper portion of a conductive substrate with the carbon precursor solution;
• and
• Step 4 of drying the conductive substrate coated with the carbon precursor solution and then performing a firing process:
• wherein 14C represents a radioisotope of carbon.