Atomic electromagnetically induced transparency magnetometer utilizing integrated photonics

An atomic magnetometer system, comprising:

• a physics package comprising:
• a vapor cell having an upper side and a lower side;
• an upper planar lightwave circuit (PLC) photonic chip coupled to the upper side of the vapor cell, the upper PLC photonic chip configured to direct a first set of laser beams that pass through the vapor cell;
• a lower PLC photonic chip coupled to the lower side of the vapor cell, the lower PLC photonic chip configured to direct a second set of laser beams that pass through the vapor cell;
• a first set of photodiodes configured to respectively receive the first set of laser beams that pass through the vapor cell;
• and
• a second set of photodiodes configured to respectively receive the second set of laser beams that pass through the vapor cell;
• wherein the upper PLC photonic chip is attached to an upper printed circuit board (PCB), the lower PLC photonic chip is attached to a lower PCB, the first set of photodiodes are attached to the lower PCB, and the second set of photodiodes are attached to the upper PCB;
• a laser device configured to emit a laser beam, which is split into a first beam emission portion directed to the upper PLC photonic chip, and a second beam emission portion directed to the lower PLC photonic chip, through respective first and second optical fibers;
• and
• at least one processor in operative communication with the physics package and the laser device;
• wherein the first set of laser beams that pass through the vapor cell is produced from the first beam emission portion, and the second set of laser beams that pass through the vapor cell is produced from the second beam emission portion;
• wherein the at least one processor is configured to perform electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) magnetometry based on output signals from the first and second sets of photodiodes.