Anti-coking and stably-operating apparatus and method for co-producing aviation fuel and chemical feedstock from waste biomass

An anti-coking and stably operating apparatus for co-producing aviation fuel and chemical feedstock from waste biomass, comprising:

• a second-scale biomass drying-coupled pyrolysis and fractionation conversion to bio-crude unit, a bio-crude suspended bed hydrodeoxygenation and upgrading to low-oxygen bio-oil unit, and a low-oxygen bio-oil fixed-bed molecular reconstruction to hydrocarbon aviation fuel unit;
• wherein
• the second-scale biomass drying-coupled pyrolysis and fractionation conversion to bio-crude unit is used to obtain a bio-crude, a pyrolysis gas, and a pyrolysis char;
• the pyrolysis gas is reformed into green hydrogen as a hydrogen source, and both the bio-crude and the hydrogen source are input as reaction raw materials into the bio-crude suspended bed hydrodeoxygenation and upgrading to low-oxygen bio-oil unit;
• the bio-crude suspended bed hydrodeoxygenation and upgrading to low-oxygen bio-oil unit is used to rapidly cross a coking reaction time point, transfer a coking position, and realize spatiotemporal decoupling of coking risk;
• then, a low-oxygen bio-oil is obtained through a hydrodeoxygenation and upgrading reaction of the bio-crude, gas-liquid separation, flash evaporation, and oil-water separation;
• hydrogen obtained from gas-liquid separation is purified to serve as the hydrogen source;
• a heavy oil obtained from flash evaporation is used as a circulating slurry;
• an organic solution obtained from oil-water separation is reformed to prepare green hydrogen as the hydrogen source;
• the bio-crude suspended bed hydrodeoxygenation and upgrading to low-oxygen bio-oil unit comprises a bio-crude mixing tank, a flash reaction thermal start-up mechanism, a suspended bed hydrodeoxygenation and upgrading reactor, and a separator assembly;
• the bio-crude mixing tank mixes the bio-crude, the circulating slurry, and a hydrogen donor, which is then premixed with the hydrogen source and input into the flash reaction thermal start-up mechanism to transfer the coking risk to the flash reaction thermal start-up mechanism and realize spatiotemporal decoupling;
• preheated mixed materials undergo the hydrodeoxygenation and upgrading reaction in the suspended bed hydrodeoxygenation and upgrading reactor;
• reaction products are subjected to oil-water separation and flash evaporation through the separator assembly to obtain the low-oxygen bio-oil;
• the flash reaction thermal start-up mechanism comprises a flash reaction thermal start-up furnace group and a high-temperature supplementary furnace;
• the flash reaction thermal start-up furnace group comprises more than two flash reaction thermal start-up furnaces for preheating a mixed material to 150-300° C.;
• the more than two flash reaction thermal start-up furnaces operate in a parallel structure, enabling simultaneous bio-crude preheating and switching decoking to achieve dual functions of coking inhibition and decoking;
• the high-temperature supplementary furnace is used to further preheat the mixed material from the flash reaction thermal start-up furnace group to 200-400° C., realizing full utilization of energy through two-stage stepped preheating;
• an interior of the suspended bed hydrodeoxygenation and upgrading reactor sequentially comprises a feed inlet, a reaction bed, and a product outlet from bottom to top;
• a three-phase cyclone separator and an annular gap are further arranged above the reaction bed;
• the low-oxygen bio-oil fixed-bed molecular reconstruction to hydrocarbon aviation fuel unit is used to perform a hydro-reconstruction reaction, oil-water separation, and fractionation on low-oxygen bio-oil components to obtain biomass aviation fuel components and bio-naphtha chemical feedstock;
• an organic solution obtained from oil-water separation is reformed to prepare green hydrogen as the hydrogen source;
• co-produced distillate bio-naphtha obtained by fractionation is used as the hydrogen donor for the bio-crude suspended bed hydrodeoxygenation and upgrading to low-oxygen bio-oil unit.