Photoelectric conversion element and photoelectric conversion device

A photoelectric conversion apparatus comprising:

• a photoelectric conversion element, the photoelectric conversion element comprising:
• a first electrode;
• a second electrode;
• and
• a photoelectric conversion layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, the photoelectric conversion layer containing a crystal having a perovskite structure,
• wherein the photoelectric conversion element comprises, between the photoelectric conversion layer and the first electrode, a layer containing a crystal of a cyclic conjugated compound in which pyrrole rings are bonded by conjugated bonds,
• wherein the crystal of the cyclic conjugated compound in which the pyrrole rings are bonded by conjugated bonds contains an organic compound, and
• wherein the organic compound has a pKa of 10.0 or more and a dipole moment of 1.60 D or more.