Charging roller, process cartridge, and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

A charging roller comprising:

• a plurality of protruding portions that are present on a surface of the charging roller, wherein
• when, among the plurality of protruding portions, a group of protruding portions with heights of 10.0 μm to 40.0 μm is defined as a first protruding portion group,
• a group of protruding portion with heights of 0.2 μm to 5.0 μm is defined as a second protruding portion group, and
• the number of apexes of the protruding portions comprised in the first protruding portion group and the number of apexes of the protruding portions comprised in the second protruding portion group per unit area on the surface of the charging roller are defined as Spd1 and Spd2, respectively,
• the Spd1 is 10 pieces/mm2 to 90 pieces/mm2,
• the Spd2 is 4000 pieces/mm2 to 25000 pieces/mm2,
• the number of apexes of protruding portions with heights exceeding 40.0 μm per unit area on the surface of the charging roller is not more than 3.0 pieces/mm2, and
• when a universal hardness of the protruding portions comprised in the first protruding portion group and a universal hardness of the protruding portions included in the second protruding portion group measured under a condition of a pushing depth of 0.4 μm are defined as HU1 and HU2, respectively,
• the HU1 is 2.0 N/mm2 to 5.0 N/mm2, and
• the HU2 is at least 1.0 N/mm2 and less than 2.0 N/mm2.