Amino acid-based cationic lipid

An amino acid-based cationic lipid, wherein the structure is represented by the general formula (1):

• wherein, AA is a residue of an amino acid or amino acid derivative;
• B1 and B2 are each independently a linking bond or a C1-30 alkylene group at each occurrence;
• L1 and L2 are each independently a linking bond or a divalent linking group at each occurrence;
• L5 and L6 are each independently a linking bond or a divalent linking group at each occurrence;
• L3 is independently a linking bond or a divalent linking group at each occurrence;
• R1 and R2 are each independently —(CH2)tNReRf, a linear C1-30 alkylene group, a branched C1-30 alkylene group or
• at each occurrence;
• wherein, t is an integer from 0 to 12;
• t1 and t2 are each independently an integer from 0 to 5;
• t3 and t4 are each independently 0 or 1;
• t1, t2, t3, and t4 are not 0 simultaneously;
• Re and Rf are each independently a C1-15 alkyl group;
• R3 is, at each occurrence, independently a hydrogen atom, -Rd, —ORd, a C3-6 carbocyclic group, a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, —NRdRd, —SRd, —C(═O)Rd, —C(═O)ORd, —OC(═O)Rd, —OC(═O)ORd or a functional group R01 that can interact with bio-related substances;
• wherein, Rd is independently a C1-12 alkyl group at each occurrence;
• a, b, and c are each independently 1 or 2;
• when fragments -L5-B1-L1-R1 and/or -L6-B2-L2-R2 and/or -L3-R3 are protruded from the amino terminus of the amino acid, a, b, and c are each independently 1 or 2;
• when fragments -L5-B1-L1-R1 and/or -L6-B2-L2-R2 and/or -L3-R3 are protruded from the carboxyl, hydroxyl, or thiol terminus of the amino acid, a, b, and c are each independently 1;
• when a is 2, two -L5-B1-L1-R1 fragments are the same or different;
• when b is 2, two -L6-B2-L2-R2 fragments are the same or different;
• when c is 2, two -L3-R3 fragments are the same or different;
• or a salt, tautomer, stereoisomer, or solvate thereof.