High impact and penetration resistant lightweight composite panels and sheathing

An impact and penetration resistant lightweight composite panel, comprising:

• a polymer and/or inorganic foam core having a first surface, a second surface opposite the first surface, and a thickness in a range of about 0.4 cm to about 5 cm;
• and
• an impact and penetration resistant protective layer formed on and in contact with at least one of the first surface or the second surface of the foam core, the impact and penetration resistant protective layer comprising:
• at least one protective material selected from thermoset polymer, polyaspartic, polyurea, polyurethane, polyurea-polyurethane hybrid, polymer-modified mineral binder, hybrid resin-mineral composite, and mineral binder;
• and
• a tightly woven fabric or scrim at least partially embedded within the protective material, provided that where the protective material is a mineral binder, the tightly woven fabric or scrim is included,
• wherein the impact and penetration resistant protective layer has a thickness in a range of about 1 mm to about 10 mm.

An impact and penetration resistant lightweight composite panel, comprising:

• a polymer and/or inorganic foam core having a first surface, a second surface opposite the first surface, and a thickness in a range of about 0.4 cm to about 5 cm;
• a first fiber mesh reinforced cementitious or other protective layer formed on and in contact with the first surface of the foam core;
• a second fiber mesh reinforced cementitious or other protective layer formed on and in contact with the first surface of the foam core;
• and
• an impact and penetration resistant protective layer formed on and in contact with at least one of the first or second fiber mesh reinforced cementitious or other protective layers, the impact and penetration resistant protective layer comprising:
• at least one protective material selected from thermoset polymer, polyaspartic, polyurea, polyurethane, polyurea-polyurethane hybrid, polymer-modified mineral binder, hybrid resin-mineral composite, and mineral binder;
• and
• optionally a tightly woven fabric or scrim at least partially embedded within the protective material, provided that where the protective material is a mineral binder, the tightly woven fabric or scrim is included,
• wherein the impact and penetration resistant protective layer has a thickness in a range of about 1 mm to about 10 mm.