Image forming apparatus

An image forming apparatus comprising:

• an electrophotographic photosensitive member;
• charging means for charging a surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member;
• image exposing means for forming an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member by emitting image exposure light to the surface of the charged electrophotographic photosensitive member;
• toner;
• developing means for forming a toner image on the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member by developing the electrostatic latent image by using the toner;
• transfer means for transferring the toner image from the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member to a transfer member;
• and
• cleaning means for removing residual toner remaining on the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member,
• wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a photosensitive member surface layer formed of amorphous silicon carbide or amorphous carbon,
• wherein, in a surface region A that is a region near the surface from the surface of the photosensitive member surface layer to a depth of 100 nm, a ratio of the number of carbon atoms to a sum of the number of carbon atoms and the number of silicon atoms is 0.85 or more,
• wherein the transfer member is an intermediate transfer belt comprising a substrate layer, an elastic layer, and a transfer member surface layer,
• wherein the transfer member surface layer comprises a first resin and a second resin,
• wherein the first resin comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a silicone-acrylic polymer having a silicone segment and an acrylic polymer segment;
• and a silicone-vinyl acetate polymer having a silicone segment and a vinyl acetate polymer segment;
• and
• wherein the second resin comprises a urethane resin.