Systems and methods for using the delayed-time information toanalyze model accuracy and update models

A computing system, comprising:

• a processor;
• and
• a memory comprising a non-transitory, computer-readable media storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, causes the computing system to perform an operation, comprising:
• receiving seismic data comprising acquired seismic waveforms that are acquired from a seismic receiver and represent a subterranean area;
• generating a backward wavefield using the seismic data or processed seismic data and based on an initial model system by propagating the backward wavefield backward in time;
• generating a forward wavefield using a given wavelet or processed seismic data by propagating the forward wavefield forward in time;
• generating delayed-time common image gathers (DTCIGs) based on the backward wavefield and forward wavefield;
• obtaining delayed-time shift information associated with maximum amplitude of vertically prominent events produced by diving waves or model-generated reflections at each of the DTCIGs;
• extracting model accuracy information from DTCIGs for analysis and/or quality control based on the obtained delayed-time shift information;
• determining a model error from either the model accuracy information and/or the DTCIGs for analysis and/or quality control;
• and
• adjusting the initial model system based on the model error to generate an adjusted/updated model.

A non-transitory, computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor of a computing system, causing the computing system to perform an operations comprising:

• receiving seismic data comprising acquired seismic waveforms that are acquired from a seismic receiver and represent a subterranean area;
• generating a backward wavefield using the seismic data and based on an initial model system by propagating the backward wavefield backward in time;
• generating a forward wavefield using a given wavelet or processed seismic data by propagating the forward wavefield forward in time;
• generating delayed-time common image gathers (DTCIGs) based on the backward wavefield and forward wavefield;
• obtaining delayed-time shift information associated with the maximum amplitude of vertically prominent events produced by diving waves or model-generated reflections at each of the DTCIGs;
• extracting model accuracy information from DTCIGs for analysis and/or quality control based on the obtained delayed-time shift information;
• determining a model error from either the model accuracy information and/or the DTCIGs for analysis and/or quality control;
• and
• adjusting the initial model system based on the model error to generate an adjusted/updated model.