Liquid-gas phase-change launching device, and hypervelocity penetration test device and method

A liquid-gas phase-change launching device, comprising:

• an initial chamber;
• a connecting component;
• a launch tube;
• and
• a plurality of phase-change tubes;
• wherein a first end of the initial chamber is communicated with the connecting component;
• a second end of the initial chamber is communicated with the launch tube;
• the connecting component is provided with a plurality of through holes;
• and the plurality of phase-change tubes are communicated with the initial chamber respectively through the plurality of through holes;
• the initial chamber has a cavity inside;
• an end of the cavity near the plurality of through holes is larger than an end of the cavity near the launch tube in terms of caliber;
• the cavity comprises a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity;
• a first end of the first sub-cavity is communicated with the plurality of through holes;
• a second end of the first sub-cavity is communicated with a first end of the second sub-cavity;
• a second end of the second sub-cavity is communicated with the launch tube;
• the first sub-cavity has a truncated cone structure;
• and the second sub-cavity has a cylindrical structure;
• and
• a length of the first sub-cavity is configured to be determined through steps of:
• (S1) setting a first length L0, and calculating a first energy loss ΔP0 based on a Darcy-Weisbach equation when the length of the first sub-cavity is the first length L0;
• (S2) setting a second length
• L
• 0
• ′
• ,
• and calculating a second energy loss
• Δ
• ⁢
• P
• 0
• ′
• based on the Darcy-Weisbach equation when the length of the first sub-cavity is the second length
• L
• 0
• ′
• ,
• wherein
• L
• 0
• ′
• =
• (
• 1
• -
• S
• )
• *
• L
• 0
• ,
• and S represents a first step size and is a positive number less than 1;
• (S3) determining whether
• ❘
• "\[LeftBracketingBar]"
• Δ
• ⁢
• P
• 0
• ′
• -
• Δ
• ⁢
• P
• 0
• ❘
• "\[RightBracketingBar]"
• is less than a tolerance;
• if yes, determining the second length
• L
• 0
• ′
• is the length of the first sub-cavity;
• otherwise, proceeding to step (S4);
• and
• (
• S4
• )
• ⁢
• if
• ⁢
• Δ
• ⁢
• P
• 0
• ′
• >
• Δ
• ⁢
• P
• 0
• ,
• setting a third length
• L
• 0
• ″
• ;
• calculating a third energy loss
• Δ
• ⁢
• P
• 0
• ″
• based on the Darcy-Weisbach equation when the length of the first sub-cavity is the third length
• L
• 0
• ″
• ,
• wherein
• L
• 0
• ″
• =
• (
• 1
• -
• S
• ′
• )
• *
• L
• 0
• ′
• ;
• S
• ′
• represents a second step size and is a positive number less than 1;
• replacing a value of the second length
• L
• 0
• ′
• with a value of the third length
• L
• 0
• ″
• ,
• and replacing a value of the second energy loss
• Δ
• ⁢
• P
• 0
• ′
• with a value of the third energy loss
• Δ
• ⁢
• P
• 0
• ″
• ;
• and returning to step (S3);
• and
• if
• ⁢
• Δ
• ⁢
• P
• 0
• ′
• ≤
• Δ
• ⁢
• P
• 0
• ,
• setting a fourth length
• L
• 0
• ″′
• ;
• calculating a fourth energy loss
• Δ
• ⁢
• P
• 0
• ″′
• based on the Darcy-Weisbach equation when the length of the first sub-cavity is the fourth length
• L
• 0
• ″′
• ,
• wherein
• L
• 0
• ″′
• =
• (
• 1
• +
• S
• ″
• )
• *
• L
• 0
• ′
• ;
• S″ represents a third step size and is a positive number less than 1;
• replacing a value of the second length
• L
• 0
• ′
• with a value or the fourth length
• L
• 0
• ″′
• ,
• and replacing a value of the second energy loss
• Δ
• ⁢
• P
• 0
• ′
• with a value of the fourth energy loss
• Δ
• ⁢
• P
• 0
• ″′
• ;
• and returning to step (33).