Production and/or regasification of bio-lng

A method of providing product, the method comprising:

• determining a supply chain for providing liquefied renewable natural gas or vaporized renewable natural gas to an end user, the supply chain including:
• (i) sourcing upgraded biogas that is introduced into a first natural gas pipe system,
• (ii) producing liquefied renewable natural gas using renewable natural gas associated with one or more environmental attributes of the upgraded biogas, and
• (iii) producing vaporized renewable natural gas using the liquefied renewable natural gas in a regasification process, the vaporized renewable natural gas associated with the one or more environmental attributes of the upgraded biogas;
• and
• producing product associated with the environmental attributes of the upgraded biogas, the product being the liquefied renewable natural gas or vaporized renewable natural gas provided to the end user, or being product produced using the liquefied renewable natural gas or vaporized renewable natural gas provided to the end user,
• wherein the renewable natural gas used to produce the liquefied renewable natural gas in (ii), the liquefied renewable natural gas provided to the regasification in (iii), or a combination thereof, is distributed disproportionately between:
• (a) a supply chain portion of the corresponding fluid, and (b) a fuel portion of the corresponding fluid.

A method of producing liquefied renewable natural gas, the method comprising:

• withdrawing gas from at least one natural gas pipe system, the gas comprising renewable natural gas and fossil natural gas;
• providing a first portion of the withdrawn gas to be liquefied;
• providing a second portion of the withdrawn gas for generating heat, power, or a combination thereof;
• subjecting the first portion to a liquefaction process, thereby producing liquefied gas, at least some of the heat, power, or combination thereof generated from the second portion used in the liquefication process, the first portion comprising at least some of the renewable natural gas such that the liquefied gas produced comprises liquefied renewable natural gas;
• and
• distributing the renewable natural gas between the first and second portions such that the first portion has at least one characteristic that is distinct from that of the second portion, the at least one characteristic including at least one of renewable fraction or carbon intensity of the renewable natural gas therein.

A method of producing fuel, the method comprising:

• producing fuel from a fuel production process that comprises hydrogenating crude-oil derived liquid hydrocarbon in one or more hydroprocessing units using renewable hydrogen, the fuel having renewable content,
• the renewable hydrogen produced from a hydrogen production process comprising methane reforming, at least some of a methane-containing fluid fed to the methane reforming produced in a process comprising:
• (a) withdrawing gas from at least one natural gas pipe system, the gas comprising renewable natural gas and fossil natural gas;
• (b) providing a first portion of the withdrawn gas to be liquefied;
• (c) providing a second portion of the withdrawn gas for generating heat, power, or a combination thereof;
• (d) subjecting the first portion to a liquefaction process, thereby producing liquefied gas, at least some of the heat, power, or combination thereof generated from the second portion used in the liquefication process, the first portion comprising at least some of the renewable natural gas such that the liquefied gas produced comprises liquefied renewable natural gas;
• and
• (e) distributing the renewable natural gas disproportionately between the first and second portions,
• wherein the renewable natural gas has a carbon intensity sufficiently high that the renewable content is not eligible for one or more credits when the renewable natural gas is distributed proportionately between the first and second portions, and
• wherein the disproportionate distribution is selected to reduce lifecycle greenhouse (GHG) emissions of the renewable content to an extent that the renewable content is eligible for the one or more credits.