Encoding method and apparatus, decoding method and apparatus, device, and storage medium

A method comprising:

• performing run-length encoding (RLE) on first data in N pieces of data comprised in a data set, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2, and an occurrence frequency of the first data in the N pieces of data is greater than or equal to a reference threshold;
• determining the reference threshold based on N, a quantity of bit occupied by a first element, and a quantity of bit occupied by a second element;
• determining the first element based on the first data, and the second element is a consecutive occurrence count of the first data;
• and
• decoding the encoding result.

An apparatus comprising a processor, wherein the processor is coupled to a memory, the memory is configured to store instructions, and the instructions instruct the at least one processor to cause the network device to:

• obtain a data set, wherein the data set comprises N pieces of data, and N is greater than or equal to 2;
• and
• after an occurrence frequency of first data of the N pieces of data in the N pieces of data is greater than or equal to a reference threshold, perform run-length encoding, RLE, on the first data, wherein:
• the reference threshold is determined based on N,
• a quantity of bit occupied by a first element, and a quantity of bit occupied by a second element, the first element is determined based on the first data, and
• the second element is a consecutive occurrence count of the first data.