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US 2026/0238134 A1Published application
Soft Switching Two Transistor Forward With Dual Clamp For High Voltage Bus And Large Input Voltage Range
AssigneeRompower Technology Holdings, LLC
InventorsIonel Jitaru, Mihai Bogdan Jitariu, Andrei Stefan Savu
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Abstract
Disclosed is an embodiment of electronic circuitry and a method of operating electronic circuitry to obtain zero voltage switching on both primary switches in a dual clamp two transistors forward topology, in all operating conditions. Zero voltage switching is accomplished through the magnetizing current energy and through a combination of the magnetizing current energy and current injection.
Claims12
ADC-DC converter comprising:
- (a) a primary side and a secondary side;
- (b) an input voltage source coupled to the primary side;
- (c) a transformer comprising at least one primary winding disposed on the primary side and having first and second terminals, and at least one secondary winding disposed on the secondary side, said primary winding and said secondary winding being magnetically coupled and defining a leakage inductance therebetween, wherein a magnetizing current flows in the transformer;
- (d) first and second primary switching elements disposed on the primary side, each of the first and second primary switching elements being connected to a respective terminal of the input voltage source and to a respective terminal of the primary winding;
- (e) at least one set of secondary switching elements, each set comprising a first secondary switching element and a second secondary switching element disposed on the secondary side and coupled to a respective secondary winding, wherein the first secondary switching element is configured as a forward switching element and the second secondary switching element is configured as a freewheeling switching element;
- (f) an output inductor associated with each said set, the output inductor being coupled in series with a corresponding output capacitor, wherein the series connection of the output inductor and the output capacitor forms an output filter network coupled across the corresponding freewheeling switching element, and wherein an output load is coupled across the output capacitors of all said sets connected in parallel;
- and
- (g) a first clamp circuit coupled across the first primary switching element and a second clamp circuit coupled across the second primary switching element, each of the first and second clamp circuits comprising a clamp switching element connected in series with a clamp capacitor;
- (h) wherein each clamp switching element is controlled complementary to the corresponding primary switching element such that the primary switching element conducts while the corresponding clamp switching element is non-conducting, and vice versa, with a predetermined dead time between conduction intervals.
6 more elements
ADC-DC converter comprising:
- (a) a primary side and a secondary side;
- (b) an input voltage source coupled to the primary side;
- (c) a transformer comprising at least two primary windings, including a first primary winding and a second primary winding, disposed on the primary side in series and each having first and second terminals and a third terminal, wherein the third terminal is a common connection between the first primary winding and the secondary primary winding, and at least one secondary winding disposed on the secondary side, said primary windings and the at least one secondary winding being magnetically coupled and defining a leakage inductance in between, wherein a magnetizing current flows in the transformer;
- (d) first and second primary switching elements disposed on the primary side, each of the first and second primary switching elements being connected to a respective terminal of the input voltage source and to a respective terminal of the primary windings, said terminals not being connected together;
- (e) two capacitors connected in series across the input voltage source, wherein the capacitors are connected to the common connection of the primary windings, via a resistor;
- (f) the first and second primary windings are configured to inject a displacement current into the secondary winding having a same amplitude and an opposite polarity to each other;
- (g) at least one set of secondary switching elements, each set comprising a first secondary switching element and a second secondary switching element disposed on the secondary side and coupled to a respective secondary winding, wherein the first secondary switching element is configured as a forward switching element and the second secondary switching element is configured as a freewheeling switching element;
- (h) an output inductor associated with each said set of switching elements, the output inductor being coupled in series with a corresponding output capacitor, wherein the series connection of the output inductor and the output capacitor forms an output filter network coupled across the corresponding freewheeling switching element, and wherein an output load is coupled across the output capacitors of all said sets connected in parallel;
- and
- (i) a first clamp circuit coupled across the first primary switching element and a second clamp circuit coupled across the second primary switching element, each clamp circuit comprising a clamp switching element connected in series with a clamp capacitor;
- (j) wherein each clamp switching element is controlled complementary to the corresponding primary switching element such that the primary switching element conducts while the corresponding clamp switching element is non-conducting, and vice versa, with a predetermined dead time between conduction intervals.
8 more elements
ADC-DC converter comprising:
- (a) a primary side and a secondary side;
- (b) an input voltage source coupled to the primary side;
- (c) a transformer comprising at least one primary winding disposed on the primary side and having first and second terminals, and at least one secondary winding disposed on the secondary side, said primary and secondary windings being magnetically coupled and defining a leakage inductance therebetween, wherein a magnetizing current flows in the transformer;
- (d) first and second primary switching elements disposed on the primary side, each of the first and second primary switching elements being connected to a respective terminal of the input voltage source and to a respective terminal of the primary winding;
- (e) at least one set of secondary switching elements, each set comprising a first secondary switching element and a second secondary switching element disposed on the secondary side and coupled to a respective secondary winding, wherein the first secondary switching element is configured as a forward switching element and the second secondary switching element is configured as a freewheeling switching element;
- (f) an output inductor associated with each of the secondary switching elements, the output inductor being coupled in series with a corresponding output capacitor, wherein a series connection of the output inductor and the output capacitor forms an output filter network coupled across the corresponding freewheeling switching element, and wherein an output load is coupled across the output capacitors of all of the sets connected in parallel;
- (g) a first clamp circuit coupled across the first primary switching element and a second clamp circuit coupled across the second primary switching element, wherein each clamp circuit comprises a clamp switching element connected in series with a clamp capacitor;
- (h) wherein each clamp switching element is controlled complementary to the corresponding primary switching element such that the primary switching element conducts while the corresponding clamp switching element is non-conducting, and vice versa, with a predetermined dead time between conduction intervals;
- (i) a current injection winding in the transformer coupled with the primary and the secondary in said transformer, a current injection switch connected in series with an auxiliary winding and further in series to a current injection capacitor, wherein a current injection diode is connected to the termination of the current injection capacitor, which is connected to the said current injection winding;
- and
- (j) a clamp diode in series with a clamp capacitor is connected across the forward switching element so that the clamp capacitor is connected to the source of the forward switching element;
- (k) wherein the clamp capacitor with the termination is not connected to the source of the forward switching element which is connected to the current injection diode.
9 more elements
ADC-DC converter comprising:
- (a) a primary side and a secondary side;
- (b) an input voltage source coupled to the primary side;
- (c) a transformer comprising at least two primary windings, including a first primary winding and a second primary winding, disposed on the primary side in series and each having first and second terminals and a third terminal, wherein the third terminal is a common connection between the first primary winding and the secondary primary winding, and at least one secondary winding disposed on the secondary side, wherein the primary and secondary windings are magnetically coupled and define a leakage inductance in between, wherein a magnetizing current flows in the transformer;
- (d) first and second primary switching elements disposed on the primary side, each of the first and second primary switching elements being connected to a respective terminal of the input voltage source and to a respective terminal of the primary windings, the terminals of the primary windings not being connected together;
- (e) two capacitors connected in series across the input voltage source, wherein the capacitors are connected to the common connection of the primary windings, via a resistor;
- (f) the first primary and second primary windings inject a displacement current into the secondary winding having a same amplitude and an opposite polarity to each other;
- (g) at least one set of secondary switching elements, each set comprising a first secondary switching element and a second secondary switching element disposed on the secondary side and coupled to a respective secondary winding, wherein the first secondary switching element is configured as a forward switching element and the second secondary switching element is configured as a freewheeling switching element;
- (h) an output inductor associated with each said set of secondary switching elements, the output inductor being coupled in series with a corresponding output capacitor, wherein the series connection of the output inductor and the output capacitor forms an output filter network coupled across the corresponding freewheeling switching element, and wherein an output load is coupled across the output capacitors of all said sets connected in parallel;
- (i) a first clamp circuit coupled across the first primary switching element and a second clamp circuit coupled across the second primary switching element, each clamp circuit comprising a clamp switching element connected in series with a clamp capacitor;
- (j) wherein each clamp switching element is controlled complementary to the corresponding primary switching element such that the primary switching element conducts while the corresponding clamp switching element is non-conducting, and vice versa, with a predetermined dead time between conduction intervals;
- (k) a current injection winding in the transformer coupled with the primary and the secondary in said transformer, a current injection switch connected in series an auxiliary winding, and further in series to a current injection capacitor, wherein a current injection diode is connected to the termination of the current injection capacitor, which is connected to the said current injection winding;
- (l) a clamp diode in series with a clamp capacitor is connected across the forward switching element so that the clamp capacitor is connected to the source of the forward switching element;
- and
- (m) the clamp capacitor with the termination which is not connected to the source of forward switching element is connected to the current injection diode.
11 more elements
ADC-DC converter comprising:
- (a) a primary side and a secondary side;
- (b) an input voltage source coupled to the primary side;
- (c) a transformer comprising at least one primary winding disposed on the primary side and having first and second terminals, and at least one secondary winding disposed on the secondary side, said primary winding and said secondary winding being magnetically coupled and defining a leakage inductance therebetween, wherein a magnetizing current flows in the transformer;
- (d) first and second primary switching elements disposed on the primary side, each of the first and second primary switching elements being connected to a respective terminal of the input voltage source and to a respective terminal of the primary winding;
- (e) at least one set of secondary switching elements, each set comprising a first secondary switching element and a second secondary switching element disposed on the secondary side and coupled to a respective secondary winding, wherein the first secondary switching element is configured as a forward switching element and the second secondary switching element is configured as a freewheeling switching element;
- (f) an output inductor associated with each of the secondary switching elements, the output inductor being coupled in series with a corresponding output capacitor, wherein a series connection of the output inductor and the output capacitor forms an output filter network coupled across the corresponding freewheeling switching element, and wherein an output load is coupled across the output capacitors of all said sets connected in parallel;
- (g) a first clamp circuit coupled across the first primary switching element and a second clamp circuit coupled across the second primary switching element, each clamp circuit comprising a clamp switching element connected in series with a clamp capacitor;
- (h) wherein each clamp switching element is controlled complementary to the corresponding primary switching element such that the primary switching element conducts while the corresponding clamp switching element is non-conducting, and vice versa, with a predetermined dead time between conduction intervals;
- (i) a current injection switch placed in series with a current injection inductor and further to a current injection capacitor forming a current injection network connected across the secondary winding, wherein a current injection diode is connected to an end of current injection capacitor not connected to the secondary winding;
- (j) a clamp diode in series with a clamp capacitor is connected across said forward switching element so that said clamp capacitor is connected to the source of said forward switching element;
- and
- (k) the clamp capacitor with the termination which is not connected to the source of the forward switching element is connected to the current injection diode.
9 more elements
A DC-DC converter comprising:
- (a) a primary side and a secondary side;
- (b) an input voltage source coupled to the primary side;
- (c) a transformer comprising at least two primary windings, including a first primary winding and a second primary winding, disposed on the primary side in series and each having first and second terminals and a third terminal, the third terminal defining a common connection between the first primary winding and the secondary primary winding, and at least one secondary winding disposed on the secondary side, the primary and secondary windings being magnetically coupled and defining a leakage inductance in between, wherein a magnetizing current flows in the transformer;
- (d) first and second primary switching elements disposed on the primary side, each of the first and second primary switching elements being connected to a respective terminal of the input voltage source and to a respective terminal of the primary windings, said primary windings terminals which are not connected together;
- (e) two capacitors connected in series across the input voltage source, wherein the capacitors are connected to the common connection of the primary windings, via a resistor;
- (f) the first primary and second primary windings inject a displacement current into the secondary winding having a same amplitude and an opposite polarity to each other;
- (g) at least one set of secondary switching elements, each set comprising a first secondary switching element and a second secondary switching element disposed on the secondary side and coupled to a respective secondary winding, wherein the first secondary switching element is configured as a forward switching element and the second secondary switching element is configured as a freewheeling switching element;
- (h) an output inductor associated with each said set, the output inductor being coupled in series with a corresponding output capacitor, wherein the series connection of the output inductor and the output capacitor forms an output filter network coupled across the corresponding freewheeling switching element, and wherein an output load is coupled across the output capacitors of all the sets connected in parallel;
- (i) a first clamp circuit coupled across the first primary switching element and a second clamp circuit coupled across the second primary switching element, each clamp circuit comprising a clamp switching element connected in series with a clamp capacitor;
- (j) wherein each clamp switching element is controlled complementary to the corresponding primary switching element such that the primary switching element conducts while the corresponding clamp switching element is non-conducting, and vice versa, with a predetermined dead time between conduction intervals;
- (k) a current injection switch placed in series with a current injection inductor and further to a current injection capacitor forming a current injection network connected across the secondary winding, wherein a current injection diode is connected to an end of current injection capacitor not connected to the secondary winding;
- (l) a clamp diode in series with a clamp capacitor is connected across said forward switching element in such way that said clamp capacitor is connected to the source of said forward switching element;
- and
- (m)said clamp capacitor with the termination not connected to the source of forward switching element is connected to said current injection diode.
11 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.