Mitigating chloride ion oxidation during saline water electrolysis for hydrogen production and carbon dioxide mineralization
AssigneeThe Regents of the University of California
InventorsGaurav N. Sant, Xin Chen, Dante Adam Siminetti, David Jassby, Erika Callagon La Plante, Steven Bustillos, Thomas Traynor, Arnaud Bouissonnié
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to methods of sequestering CO2 comprising a first cathodic chamber, performing a first alkaline process, a first anodic chamber, performing a first acidic process, and dechlorinating a solution by contacting the solution with a dechlorinating agent. Also provided herein are systems comprising a first cathodic chamber and a first anodic chamber.
Claims124
A method of sequestering CO2 comprising:
- (a) in a first cathodic chamber, performing an alkaline process comprising:
- (i) alkalinizing a first solution by contacting the first solution with a cathode disposed inside the cathodic chamber, thereby forming an alkaline solution and H2, wherein the first solution comprises water and divalent alkaline earth ions;
- (ii) contacting the alkaline solution with a CO2 source, thereby forming a carbonated solution comprising a mixture of ionic compounds, wherein the ionic compounds comprise CO32−;
- (b) in a first anodic chamber, performing an acidic process comprising:
- (i) acidifying a second solution comprising chloride ions by contacting the second solution with an anode disposed inside the anodic chamber, thereby forming an acidic solution;
- and
- (ii) deacidifying the acidic solution by contacting the acidic solution with a deacidifying agent, thereby forming a deacidified solution;
- and
- (c) dechlorinating the acidic solution or deacidified solution by contacting the acidic solution or the deacidified solution with a dechlorinating agent;
- wherein:
- the cathodic chamber and the anodic chamber are in ionic communication;
- and
- the acidic process and the alkaline process are performed simultaneously or sequentially.
The method of any preceding claim, wherein the alkaline process and acidic process are performed simultaneously.
The method of any preceding claim, wherein the anode mitigates chlorine evolution reactions (CIER) (e.g., the anode mitigates CIER to less than a 10% Faraday efficiency at current densities of 0.001 to 100000 A/m2).
The method of any preceding claim, wherein the anode comprises a group 6, group 7, or group 8 element.
The method of any preceding claim wherein the deacidifying agent is selected from Periclase, Lime, Lime Kiln Dust, Forsterite, Olivine, Larnite, Serpentinite, Basalt, Stainless steel slag, Peridotite, Lizardite (Serpentine), Ladle slag, Blast furnace slag, Diopside, Air-cooled blast furnace slag, Wollastonite, Basic oxygen furnace slag, Brownmillerite, Comingled electric arc furnace slag, Cement kiln dust, Talc, Electric arc furnace slag, Class C fly ash, Reclaimed Class C fly ash, Anorthite, Trona-rich fly ash, Bytownite, Gabbro, Anorthosite, Albite, and Class F fly ash.
The method of any previous claim, wherein the dechlorinating agent is selected from Hydrogen sulfide, Sulfur dioxide, Sulfite salts, Copper slag, Fayalite, Ferrosilite, Magnetite, Antigotite, Periclase, Lime, Lime Kiln Dust, Forsterite, Olivine, Larnite, Serpentinite, Basalt, Stainless steel slag, Peridotite, Lizardite (Serpentine), Ladle slag, Blast furnace slag, Diopside, Air-cooled blast furnace slag, Wollastonite, Basic oxygen furnace slag, Brownmillerite, Comingled electric arc furnace slag, Cement kiln dust, Talc, Electric arc furnace slag, Class C fly ash, Reclaimed Class C fly ash, Anorthite, Trona-rich fly ash, Bytownite, Gabbro, Anorthosite, Albite, and Class F fly ash.
The method of any preceding claim, wherein the CO2 source comprises from about 400 ppm to about 100% CO2.
The method of any preceding claim, wherein the CO2 source is ambient air.
The method of any preceding claim, wherein the first solution is selected from seawater, desalination brine, industrial brine, and natural brine.
The method of any preceding claim, wherein the second solution is selected from seawater, desalination brine, industrial brine, and natural brine.
The method of any preceding claim, wherein the first solution and the second solution are from the same source solution.
The method of any preceding claim, wherein the alkaline process and acidic process occur in spaces separated by a semi-permeable barrier.
The method of any previous claim, wherein the alkaline solution has a pH from about 7 to about 14.
The method of any previous claim, wherein the acidic solution has a pH from about 0.1 to about 7.
A system for the sequestration of CO2 comprising:
- (a) an cathodic chamber comprising:
- a cathode
- an cathodic gas outlet;
- a first solution inlet;
- and
- an alkaline solution outlet;
- wherein the cathode is disposed inside the cathodic chamber and coupled to a power source;
- and
- (b) an anodic chamber comprising:
- an anode;
- an anodic gas outlet;
- a second solution inlet;
- and
- an acidic solution outlet;
- wherein the anode is disposed inside the anodic chamber and coupled to a power source,
- wherein the cathodic chamber and the anodic chamber are in ionic communication.
A method of sequestering CO2 comprising:
- (a) in a first cathodic chamber, performing a first alkaline process comprising:
- (i) alkalinizing a first solution by contacting the first solution with a cathode disposed within the first cathodic chamber, thereby forming an alkaline solution and producing H2, wherein the first solution comprises water and divalent alkaline earth ions;
- (ii) contacting the alkaline solution with a CO2 source, thereby forming a carbonated solution comprising a mixture of salts comprising OH and/or CO32−;
- (iii) precipitating the salts comprising OH and/or CO32− from the carbonated solution;
- (b) in a first anodic chamber, performing a first acidic process comprising:
- (i) acidifying a second solution comprising chloride ions by contacting the second solution with an anode disposed within the first anodic chamber, thereby forming an acidic solution;
- and
- (ii) deacidifying the acidic solution by contacting the acidic solution with a deacidifying agent, thereby forming a deacidified solution;
- and
- (c) dechlorinating the acidic solution or deacidified solution by contacting the acidic solution or the deacidified solution with a dechlorinating agent;
- wherein:
- the first cathodic chamber and first anodic chamber are in ionic communication;
- the first solution and second solution are aqueous solutions having greater than about 8 parts per thousand (ppt) total dissolved solids;
- and
- the first acidic process and the first alkaline process are performed simultaneously or sequentially.
The method of any one of claims 33-74, wherein the alkaline solution has a pH from about 7 to about 14.
A system for the sequestration of CO2 comprising:
- (a) a first cathodic chamber comprising:
- a first cathode
- a first cathodic gas outlet;
- a first solution inlet;
- and
- a first alkaline solution outlet;
- wherein the first cathode is disposed inside the first cathodic chamber and coupled to a power source;
- and
- (b) a first anodic chamber comprising:
- a first anode;
- a first anodic gas outlet;
- a second solution inlet;
- and
- a first acidic solution outlet;
- wherein the anode is disposed inside the anodic chamber and coupled to a power source;
- wherein the first cathodic chamber and the first anodic chamber are in ionic communication.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.