Method and apparatus for determining at least one refractive value of an eye

The method (218) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein step g) (232) comprises determining

• a perpendicular meridian being perpendicular to the principal meridian from the further particular angular value (168) at which the further particular radial line (166) has the appearance of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114);
• the maximum value of the dioptric power from a further particular dioptric value at which the further particular radial line (166) is projected at the further particular defocus plane;
• and
• the minimum value of the dioptric power by using the maximum value of the dioptric power and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the dioptric power.

A computer program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out a method (218) for determining at least one refractive value (216) of an eye (112) of a person (114), the method (218) comprising the following steps:

• a) (220) displaying a visual stimulus (120) to an eye (112) of a person (114), wherein the visual stimulus (120) comprises a plurality of concentric radial lines (126, 126′, . . . ), wherein each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) has a different angular value (128, 128′, . . . ) with respect to a center (130) of the visual stimulus (120);
• b) (224) recording a reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120);
• and
• c) (226) determining at least one refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114) by evaluating the reaction by the person (114) to the rotated visual stimulus (136),
• wherein step a) (220) comprises that each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) is projected at a particular defocus plane to the eye (112) of the person (114), whereby a particular dioptric power is provided to the eye (112) of the person (114), and that step b) (224) comprises that recording the reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120) indicates that a particular radial line (144) at a particular angular value (146) has an appearance of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114),
• characterized in
• that the method (218) further comprises the following steps:
• d) (222) rotating the visual stimulus (120) by the person (114), wherein the angular value (128, 128′, . . . ) of each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) with respect to the center (130) of the visual stimulus (120) is altered, whereby a rotated visual stimulus (136) is obtained;
• e) (228) further rotating the visual stimulus (120) by the person (114), whereby a further rotated visual stimulus (170) is obtained, wherein the angular value (128, 128′, . . . ) of each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) with respect to the center (130) of the visual stimulus (120) is further altered;
• f) (230) recording a further reaction by the person (114) to the further rotated visual stimulus (170) indicating that a further particular radial line (166) at a further particular angular value (168) has the appearance of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114), wherein the further particular angular value (168) is perpendicular to the particular angular value (146) according to step d) (224);
• and
• g) (232) determining at least one further refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114) by evaluating the further reaction by the person (114) to the further rotated visual stimulus (170),
• wherein recording the reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120) according to step b) comprises indicating that a particular radial line (144) at a particular angular value (146) in the rotated visual stimulus (136) has the appearance of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114), and wherein determining the at least one refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114) according to step c) further comprises evaluating the reaction by the person (114) to the rotated visual stimulus (136), and
• wherein displaying the visual stimulus (120) to the eye (112) of the person (114) comprises using a projection device (118), wherein the projection device (118) is configured for using a virtual display technique, wherein the projection device (118) is selected from at least one of a light field, an holographic element, or a retinal laser beam projection.

A method (210) for producing at least one ophthalmic lens (212) for an eye (112) of a person (114), the method (210) comprising the following steps:

• (i) (214) determining at least one refractive value (216) of an eye (112) of a person (114) by using the method (218) according to any one of the preceding claims referring to a method (218) for determining the at least one refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114);
• (ii) (234) generating at least one geometrical model (236) of at least one ophthalmic lens (212) by using the at least one refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114);
• and
• (iii) (238) processing at least one lens blank (240) according to the at least one geometrical model (236) of the at least one ophthalmic lens (212), whereby the at least one ophthalmic lens (212) is produced.

An apparatus (110) for determining at least one refractive value (216) of an eye (112) of a person (114), the apparatus (110) comprising:

• at least one projection device (118), wherein the at least one projection device (118) is configured for displaying a visual stimulus (120) to an eye (112) of a person (114), wherein the visual stimulus (120) comprises a plurality of concentric radial lines (126, 126′, . . . ), wherein each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) has a different angular value (128, 128′, . . . ) with respect to a center (130) of the visual stimulus (120);
• at least one input element (150), wherein the at least one input element (150) is configured for recording a reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120);
• and
• at least one evaluation device (156), wherein the at least one evaluation device (156) is configured for determining at least one refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114) by evaluating the reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120),
• wherein the at least one projection device (118) is further configured for displaying the visual stimulus (120) to the eye (112) of the (114) person that each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) is projected at a particular defocus plane to the eye (112) of the person (114), whereby a particular dioptric value is provided to the eye (112) of the person (114), and wherein the at least one input element (150) is further configured for recording the reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120) indicating that a particular radial line (144) at a particular angular value (146) has an appearance of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114),
• characterized by
• at least one rotation element (134), wherein the at least one rotation element (134) is configured for rotating the visual stimulus (120) by the person (114), wherein the angular value (128, 128′, . . . ) of each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) with respect to the center (130) of the visual stimulus (120) is altered, whereby a rotated visual stimulus (136) is obtained,
• wherein the at least one input element (150) is further configured for recording a reaction by the person (114) to the rotated visual stimulus (136), wherein the at least one evaluation device (156) is further configured for determining at least one refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114) by evaluating the reaction by the person (114) to the rotated visual stimulus (136),
• wherein the at least one rotation element (134) is further configured for further rotating the visual stimulus (120) by the person (114), whereby a further rotated visual stimulus (170) is obtained, wherein the angular value (128, 128′, . . . ) of each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) with respect to the center (130) of the visual stimulus (120) is further altered;
• wherein the at least one input element (150) is further configured for recording a further reaction by the person (114) to the further rotated visual stimulus (170) indicating that a further particular radial line (166) at a further particular angular value (168) has the appearance of maximum sharpness (144) to the eye (112) of the person (114), wherein the further particular angular value (168) is perpendicular to the particular angular value (146) according to step d);
• wherein displaying the visual stimulus (120) to the eye (112) of the person (114) comprises using a projection device (118), wherein the projection device (118) is configured for using a virtual display technique, wherein the projection device (118) is selected from at least one of a light field, an holographic element, or a retinal laser beam projection, and
• wherein the at least one evaluation device (156) is further configured for determining at least one further refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114) by evaluating the further reaction by the person (114) to the further rotated visual stimulus (170).

A method (218) for determining at least one refractive value (216) of an eye (112) of a person (114), the method (218) comprising the following steps:

• a) (220) displaying a visual stimulus (120) to an eye (112) of a person (114), wherein the visual stimulus (120) comprises a plurality of concentric radial lines (126, 126′, . . . ), wherein each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) has a different angular value (128, 128′, . . . ) with respect to a center (130) of the visual stimulus (120);
• b) (224) recording a reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120);
• and
• c) (226) determining at least one refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114) by evaluating the reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120),
• wherein step a) (220) comprises that each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) is projected at a particular defocus plane to the eye (112) of the person (114), whereby a particular dioptric power is provided to the eye (112) of the person (114), and that step b) (224) comprises that recording the reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120) indicates that a particular radial line (144) at a particular angular value (146) has an appearance of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114),
• characterized in
• that the method (218) further comprises the following steps:
• d) (222) rotating the visual stimulus (120) by the person (114), wherein the angular value (128, 128′, . . . ) of each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) with respect to the center (130) of the visual stimulus (120) is altered, whereby a rotated visual stimulus (136) is obtained;
• e) (228) further rotating the visual stimulus (120) by the person (114), whereby a further rotated visual stimulus (170) is obtained, wherein the angular value (128, 128′, . . . ) of each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) with respect to the center (130) of the visual stimulus (120) is further altered;
• f) (230) recording a further reaction by the person (114) to the further rotated visual stimulus (170) indicating that a further particular radial line (166) at a further particular angular value (168) has the appearance of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114), wherein the further particular angular value (168) is perpendicular to the particular angular value (146) according to step d) (224);
• and
• g) (232) determining at least one further refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114) by evaluating the further reaction by the person (114) to the further rotated visual stimulus (170),
• wherein recording the reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120) according to step b) comprises indicating that a particular radial line (144) at a particular angular value (146) in the rotated visual stimulus (136) has the appearance
• of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114), wherein determining the at least one refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114) according to step c) further comprises evaluating the reaction by the person (114) to the rotated visual stimulus (136),
• wherein displaying the visual stimulus (120) to the eye (112) of the person (114) comprises using a projection device (118), wherein the projection device (118) is configured for using a virtual display technique, wherein the projection device (118) is selected from at least one of a light field, an holographic element, or a retinal laser beam projection, and
• wherein step d) (226) comprises determining concurrently
• a principal meridian from the particular angular value at which the particular radial line (144) has the appearance of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114);
• and
• a difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the dioptric power from the particular dioptric value at which the particular radial line (144) is projected at the particular defocus plane.

The method (218) according to the preceding claim, wherein step g) (232) comprises determining

• a perpendicular meridian being perpendicular to the principal meridian from the further particular angular value (168) at which the further particular radial line (166) has the appearance of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114);
• the maximum value of the dioptric power from a further particular dioptric value at which the further particular radial line (166) is projected at the further particular defocus plane;
• and
• the minimum value of the dioptric power by using the maximum value of the dioptric power and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the dioptric power.

A computer program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out a method (218) for determining at least one refractive value (216) of an eye (112) of a person (114), the method (218) comprising the following steps:

• a) (220) displaying a visual stimulus (120) to an eye (112) of a person (114), wherein the visual stimulus (120) comprises a plurality of concentric radial lines (126, 126′, . . . ), wherein each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) has a different angular value (128, 128′, . . . ) with respect to a center (130) of the visual stimulus (120);
• b) (224) recording a reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120);
• and
• c) (226) determining at least one refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114) by evaluating the reaction by the person (114) to the rotated visual stimulus (136),
• wherein step a) (220) comprises that each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) is projected at a particular defocus plane to the eye (112) of the person (114), whereby a particular dioptric power is provided to the eye (112) of the person (114), and that step b) (224) comprises that recording the reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120) indicates that a particular radial line (144) at a particular angular value (146) has an appearance of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114).
• characterized in
• that the method (218) further comprises the following steps:
• d) (222) rotating the visual stimulus (120) by the person (114), wherein the angular value (128, 128′, . . . ) of each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) with respect to the center (130) of the visual stimulus (120) is altered, whereby a rotated visual stimulus (136) is obtained;
• wherein recording the reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120) according to step b) comprises indicating that a particular radial line (144) at a particular angular value (146) in the rotated visual stimulus (136) has the appearance of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114),
• e) (228) further rotating the visual stimulus (120) by the person (114), whereby a further rotated visual stimulus (170) is obtained, wherein the angular value (128, 128′, . . . ) of each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) with respect to the center (130) of the visual stimulus (120) is further altered;
• f) (230) recording a further reaction by the person (114) to the further rotated visual stimulus (170) indicating that a further particular radial line (166) at a further particular angular value (168) has the appearance of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114), wherein the further particular angular value (168) is perpendicular to the particular angular value (146) according to step d) (224);
• and
• g) (232) determining at least one further refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114) by evaluating the further reaction by the person (114) to the further rotated visual stimulus (170),
• wherein determining the at least one refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114) according to step c) further comprises evaluating the reaction by the person (114) to the rotated visual stimulus (136),
• wherein displaying the visual stimulus (120) to the eye (112) of the person (114) comprises using a projection device (118), wherein the projection device (118) is configured for using a virtual display technique, wherein the projection device (118) is selected from at least one of a light field, an holographic element, or a retinal laser beam projection, and
• wherein step d) (226) comprises determining concurrently
• a principal meridian from the particular angular value at which the particular radial line (144) has the appearance of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114);
• and
• a difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the dioptric power from the particular dioptric value at which the particular radial line (144) is projected at the particular defocus plane.

An apparatus (110) for determining at least one refractive value (216) of an eye (112) of a person (114), the apparatus (110) comprising:

• at least one projection device (118), wherein the at least one projection device (118) is configured for displaying a visual stimulus (120) to an eye (112) of a person (114), wherein the visual stimulus (120) comprises a plurality of concentric radial lines (126, 126′, . . . ), wherein each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) has a different angular value (128, 128′, . . . ) with respect to a center (130) of the visual stimulus (120);
• at least one input element (150), wherein the at least one input element (150) is configured for recording a reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120);
• and
• at least one evaluation device (156), wherein the at least one evaluation device (156) is configured for determining at least one refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114) by evaluating the reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120),
• wherein the at least one projection device (118) is further configured for displaying the visual stimulus (120) to the eye (112) of the (114) person that each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) is projected at a particular defocus plane to the eye (112) of the person (114), whereby a particular dioptric value is provided to the eye (112) of the person (114), and wherein the at least one input element (150) is further configured for recording the reaction by the person (114) to the visual stimulus (120) indicating that a particular radial line (144) at a particular angular value (146) has an appearance of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114),
• characterized by
• at least one rotation element (134), wherein the at least one rotation element (134) is configured for rotating the visual stimulus (120) by the person (114), wherein the angular value (128, 128′, . . . ) of each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) with respect to the center (130) of the visual stimulus (120) is altered, whereby a rotated visual stimulus (136) is obtained,
• wherein the at least one input element (150) is further configured for recording a reaction by the person (114) to the rotated visual stimulus (136), wherein the at least one evaluation device (156) is further configured for determining at least one refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114) by evaluating the reaction by the person (114) to the rotated visual stimulus (136),
• wherein the at least one rotation element (134) is further configured for further rotating the visual stimulus (120) by the person (114), whereby a further rotated visual stimulus (170) is obtained, wherein the angular value (128, 128′, . . . ) of each radial line (126, 126′, . . . ) with respect to the center (130) of the visual stimulus (120) is further altered;
• wherein the at least one input element (150) is further configured for recording a further reaction by the person (114) to the further rotated visual stimulus (170) indicating that a further particular radial line (166) at a further particular angular value (168) has the appearance of maximum sharpness (144) to the eye (112) of the person (114), wherein the further particular angular value (168) is perpendicular to the particular angular value (146) according to step d);
• wherein displaying the visual stimulus (120) to the eye (112) of the person (114) comprises using a projection device (118), wherein the projection device (118) is configured for using a virtual display technique, wherein the projection device (118) is selected from at least one of a light field, an holographic element, or a retinal laser beam projection;
• and
• wherein the at least one evaluation device (156) is further configured for determining at least one further refractive value (216) of the eye (112) of the person (114) by evaluating the further reaction by the person (114) to the further rotated visual stimulus (170) by determining concurrently
• a principal meridian from the particular angular value at which the particular radial line (144) has the appearance of maximum sharpness (148) to the eye (112) of the person (114);
• and
• a difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the dioptric power from the particular dioptric value at which the particular radial line (144) is projected at the particular defocus plane.