System for cutting ocular tissue into elementary portions

A cutting apparatus for cutting a tissue, said apparatus including a femtosecond laser source configured to emit a Gaussian laser beam in the form of pulses and a processing device for processing the Gaussian laser beam, the processing device being disposed downstream of the femtosecond laser source, the processing device comprising:

• a shaping system positioned on the trajectory of the Gaussian laser beam, to modulate the phase of the wavefront of the Gaussian laser beam, the shaping system comprising a spatial light modulator and being configured to produce a modulated laser beam from the Gaussian laser beam,
• a sweeping optical scanner disposed downstream of the shaping system to move the modulated laser beam,
• an optical focusing system downstream of the shaping system, configured to focus the modulated laser beam in a focal plane of the cutting apparatus and configured to move the focal plane of the cutting apparatus into a plurality of positions along an optical axis of propagation of the modulated laser beam,
• wherein the processing device further comprises a control unit to drive the femtosecond laser source, the shaping system, the sweeping optical scanner and the optical focusing system in order to create successive horizontal and vertical cutting planes, the horizontal cutting planes extending perpendicularly to the optical axis and the vertical cutting planes extending parallel to the optical axis, said control unit being configured to:
• control the creation of a first horizontal cutting plane,
• control the creation of a first plurality of vertical cutting planes above the first horizontal cutting plane,
• control the creation of a second horizontal cutting plane above the first plurality of vertical cutting planes, the first horizontal cutting plane being deeper in the tissue than the second horizontal cutting plane,
• control the creation of a second plurality of vertical planes above the second horizontal plane, wherein the second plurality of vertical cutting planes is laterally offset relative to the first plurality of vertical planes.