Methods for silanization of substrates

Abstract

A method of silanizing a surface of a substrate includes preparing a reagent solution with one or more alkoxysilanes by lowering a pH of the reagent solution to pH 1 to 6.5; subsequently increasing the pH of the reagent solution to pH 4 to 8; activating the surface to introduce reactive groups; contacting the activated surface with the reagent solution; and drying the surface. The alkoxysilanes may include monoalkoxysilanes, dialkoxysilanes, trialkoxysilanes, or a combination thereof. A substrate prepared by the methods of the present disclosure may include a surface; and a silane coating grafted onto the surface, the silane coating including silanes prepared from one or more monoalkoxysilanes, dialkoxysilanes, or a combination thereof, wherein the coating exhibits a silicon elemental concentration of 0.5 atomic % or more.

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.