Full hydrometallurgical process for recovering multiple metals from complex rare and precious material

A full hydrometallurgical process for recovering multiple metals from a complex rare and precious material, comprising the following steps:

• step 1:
• chlorination and dissolution:
• adding a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and the complex rare and precious material to a reactor, stirring for reaction during which a temperature is raised to 60-70° C. and an oxidant is slowly added, adding a small amount of the complex rare and precious material again after the reaction is completed, stirring to remove chlorine, stopping stirring for clarification, then extracting an upper clear liquid of a chloride solution for entering gold loading, wherein a precipitated chloride residue is used as a raw material for silver recovery, wherein technical conditions are controlled as:
• a concentration of the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution of 5-7 mol/L, a liquid-to-solid ratio of 3-6:1, and an oxidation process temperature of 80-95° C.;
• step 2:
• the gold loading:
• performing two-stage countercurrent gold loading to obtain a gold-loaded solution and a post-loading solution after loading of the chloride solution, performing reduction on the gold-loaded solution, performing static separation when reaching an end point of the reduction for clarifying to separate an organic phase, and filtering a precipitate to separate a post-reduction solution and sponge gold;
• and evaporating and concentrating the post-reduction solution to produce a concentrated solution 1 and a condensate;
• step 3:
• cooling the concentrated solution 1 in step 2 to <30° C., stirring for crystallization, and filtering to obtain a post-crystallization solution and residual oxalic acid, wherein the post-crystallization solution is returned to the gold loading process in step 2, and the residual oxalic acid is returned to the reduction process of the gold-loaded solution in step 2;
• step 4:
• low-temperature distillation:
• performing low-temperature distillation on the post-loading solution in step 2 to distill out a low-acid condensate and a high-acid condensate, wherein a temperature of a liquid in a low-temperature distillation tower is controlled to be 60-75° C., and a pressure in the distillation tower to be 55-65 kPa, the high-acid condensate is returned to step 1 as a hydrochloric acid input, and the low-acid condensate enters step 6 for washing, and a post-distillation residual solution is a concentrated solution 2;
• step 5:
• high-temperature distillation:
• performing high-temperature distillation on the concentrated solution 2 in step 4 to remove residual moisture to obtain a concentrated solution 3, wherein a temperature of the high-temperature distillation is 90-100° C. and a pressure in an evaporator is 60-80 kPa;
• step 6:
• directional crystallization and centrifugal filtration:
• performing directional crystallization and centrifugal filtration on the concentrated solution 3 to obtain crystallized residue and selenious acid;
• and
• step 7:
• washing:
• washing the crystallized residue with cold water or the low-acid condensate produced in step 4, and filtering to obtain tellurium residue and a palladium-platinum-rhodium rich solution.