Mesoporous molecular sieve-based solid acid-base catalyst, and preparation method and use thereof in synthesis of insulating oil for transformer

A method for preparing a mesoporous molecular sieve-based solid acid-base catalyst, comprising:

• (1) synthesizing a hard template
• mixing a polymer monomer and a first pure water to obtain a polymer monomer aqueous solution, subjecting the polymer monomer aqueous solution and an initiator to a first reaction while stirring under protection of an inert gas to obtain a nanosphere, and washing and drying the nanosphere to obtain a nanosphere hard template I;
• (2) preparing a catalyst skeleton
• stirring a soft template, a nitrate, a silane derivative, and a second pure water to obtain a precursor II, mixing the nanosphere hard template I and the precursor II, and subjecting a resulting material to aging to obtain a catalyst skeleton III;
• (3) preparing a precursor
• leaching the catalyst skeleton III with a solvent to remove the nanosphere hard template I to obtain a catalyst precursor IV without the nanosphere hard template I, subjecting the catalyst precursor IV, an organic solvent, and a transition metal alkoxy compound to a second reaction while stirring under protection of an inert gas, subjecting a resulting reaction product to first vacuum filtration to obtain a filter cake, drying the filter cake, then hydrolysing, and then subjecting a resulting hydrolysied product to second vacuum filtration and first drying to obtain a powder precursor V;
• and
• (4) preparing the mesoporous molecular sieve-based solid acid-base catalyst
• impregnating the powder precursor V with an ammonium persulfate solution, and subjecting a resulting system to third vacuum filtration, second drying, and calcination in sequence to obtain the mesoporous molecular sieve-based solid acid-base catalyst.