System and method for extracting amplitude-versus-angle or offset information from seismic data

A method for extracting amplitude-versus-reflection angle or amplitude-versus-offset information from input data, the method comprising:

• receiving the input data d, which is indicative of a formation underground;
• receiving an initial earth model V that includes at least a pressure-wave velocity vp;
• calculating an updated, extended domain earth model Ve based on the input data d, and the initial earth model V, using a full waveform inversion process, wherein the updated, extended domain earth model Ve is expressed in an extended domain;
• applying an amplitude-versus-reflection angle or amplitude-versus-offset correction to the updated, extended domain earth model Ve to obtain a corrected, updated, extended domain earth model Ve;
• transforming the corrected, updated, extended domain earth model Ve from the extended domain to an ordinary domain, which is different from the extended domain, to obtain an ordinary domain updated earth model;
• extracting the amplitude-versus-reflection angle or amplitude-versus-offset information from the ordinary domain updated earth model;
• and
• generating an image of a subsurface that is indicative of the formation in the subsurface, based on the extracted amplitude-versus-reflection angle or amplitude-versus-offset information,
• wherein the subsurface is described by the input data d.