Solid substrate to immobilize reactive liquid

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a system that includes: a reaction chamber comprising a working fluid inlet and a working fluid outlet; a solid substrate contained within the reaction chamber, wherein the solid substrate has a surface area of greater than 0.001 m2/g and comprises at least one primary structure; wherein a first primary structure of the at least one primary structure comprises at least one secondary structure; wherein the at least one secondary structure forms at least one aperture with an average width such that the at least one aperture stably contains a reactive liquid; and wherein the solid substrate comprises at least one void with an average void spacing greater than the average width of the at least one aperture.

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.