Alumina porous material and its preparation and application

A sol-gel method for preparing porous alumina material, comprising the following steps:

• 1) mixing an aluminum source, a cavity forming agent, a polyol, an amide, a polyhydroxy polymer, a solvent and optional an additive, then adding a coagulant, and mixing to obtain a gel;
• 2) subjecting the gel obtained in step 1) to an aging treatment to obtain an aged material;
• 3) eluting the aged material obtained in step 2) with an eluting agent to obtain an eluate and a solid phase material;
• and
• 4) drying and optionally calcining the solid phase material obtained in step 3) to obtain the porous material,
• wherein the cavity forming agent is selected from soluble sugar, soluble alkali metal salt or a combination thereof, preferably, the soluble sugar is selected from sucrose, glucose, fructose, maltose or a combination thereof, the soluble alkali metal salt is selected from nitrate, sulfate or chloride of alkali metal, more preferably, the alkali metal is selected from potassium, sodium or a combination thereof;
• and
• the cavity forming agent is used in an amount of 10-60 g, preferably 20-60 g, and more preferably 30-60 g relative to the amount of 100 g of solvent;
• the solvent is preferably selected from a low-carbon alcohol, water, or a combination thereof;
• the coagulant is preferably selected from substituted or unsubstituted pyridine, alkylene oxide or a combination thereof, wherein the substituted pyridine is preferably selected from alkyl pyridine, pyridine chloride or a combination thereof, the alkyl pyridine is further preferably selected from monomethyl pyridine, dimethyl pyridine, trimethyl pyridine or a combination thereof, and the pyridine chloride is further preferably selected from monochloropyridine, dichloropyridine, trichloropyridine or a combination thereof;
• the eluting agent is preferably selected from a low-carbon alcohol, water, or a combination thereof.