High-spatial-resolution solar imager based on optical interference and operating method therefor

A high-spatial-resolution solar imager based on optical interference, comprising a high-aperture-filling-density aperture pair array;

• a heat dissipation system;
• a broadband beam single-mode fiber transmission array;
• a fast phase scanning modulation and compensation module;
• a narrowband beam splitting/filtering system;
• a narrowband beam single-mode fiber transmission array;
• an integrated orthogonal polarization measurement device array;
• a photoelectric conversion and data acquisition unit;
• and
• a data processing and image reconstruction unit,
• wherein solar light to be measured is collected by the aperture pair array, sequentially passes through the broadband beam single-mode fiber transmission array, the fast phase scanning modulation and compensation module, the narrowband beam splitting/filtering system, the narrowband beam single-mode fiber transmission array, and the integrated orthogonal polarization measurement device array, transmitted in pairs into the photoelectric conversion and data acquisition unit, then converted into electrical signals and stored, and finally processed by the data processing and image reconstruction unit for inverse reconstruction of a solar high-spatial-resolution image with two orthogonal polarization states, and the heat dissipation system provides a stable temperature field environment for each group of components.