Selective membranes and related methods

A membrane comprising:

• a porous support layer including a plurality of pores;
• and
• a plurality of isolated plugs disposed at least partially in the plurality of pores of the porous support layer,
• wherein the plurality of isolated plugs are isolated from one another, and wherein the plurality of isolated plugs are formed of a hydrogen selective material.

A membrane comprising:

• a porous support layer;
• an atomically thin layer disposed on the porous support layer, wherein the atomically thin layer includes a plurality of pores that includes non-gas-selective defects in the atomically thin layer;
• and
• a layer disposed on the atomically thin layer and arranged as a plurality of isolated microstructures,
• wherein the layer is formed of a material, and
• wherein at least some of the non-gas-selective defects of the plurality of pores are covered by the isolated microstructures.