Substituted 3-fluorobenzenepropanoate compound and preparation method therefor, pharmaceutical composition thereof, and use thereof

A compound represented by formula (I), or an optical isomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate thereof (such as a hydrate), or an inclusion compound thereof, or a racemate thereof, or a co-crystal thereof, or an isotopically labelled compound thereof, or a nitrogen oxide thereof,

• wherein
• X is alkylene;
• P is
• in formula (a),
• Y is a single bond, —O—, —S—, or —NH—;
• W is a single bond or alkylene;
• R1 and R2 are the same or different and are each independently selected from —H, optionally substituted alkyl, and optionally substituted aryl, or R1 and R2 are linked to each other and jointly form, together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are linked, optionally substituted aliphatic heterocyclyl or
• there are one or two R5, each independently selected from —H and alkyl;
• in formula (c), a dashed line indicates a single bond or null;
• in formula (b),
• A is a single bond, —O—(C═O)— or —O—(C═O)-alkylene;
• R3 is an optional group;
• there is one or more R3, if present, and each independently alkyl, hydroxy, carboxy, hydroxy-substituted alkyl, alkoxy, or —N(R6)(R7), and R6 and R7 are the same or different and are each independently alkyl;
• R4 is selected from —H, alkyl, and alkylacyl;
• or
• R3 and —OR4 are linked to each other to form an aliphatic heterocyclic ring;
• the “optionally substituted” refers to being unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents, wherein the substituents in the “optionally substituted alkyl”, “optionally substituted aryl”, and “optionally substituted aliphatic heterocyclyl” are each independently selected from hydroxy, amino, carboxy, halogen, nitro, cyano, alkyl, alkylthio, alkylacyl, and hydroxy-substituted aryl.