Monolithic substrates

A carbonized monolithic substrate comprising:

• a dried, cured, and carbonized product of an extruded extrudable paste, the extrudable paste comprising
• a hollow and/or porous material comprising hollow glass beads, hollow plastic beads, hollow glass ceramic beads, hollow ceramic beads, cenospheres, fly ash-based hollow beads, or a combination thereof, and
• a binder comprising a polymer, an inorganic binder, a thermosetting resin, or a combination thereof:
• wherein the carbonized monolithic substrate has a bulk density of 60 g/L to 170 g/L and an open frontal area of 80-95%.

A carbonized and activated monolithic substrate comprising:

• a dried, cured, carbonized, and activated product of an extruded extrudable paste, the extrudable paste comprising
• a hollow and/or porous material comprising hollow glass beads, hollow plastic beads, hollow glass ceramic beads, hollow ceramic beads, cenospheres, fly ash-based hollow beads, or a combination thereof,
• a binder comprising a polymer, an inorganic binder, a thermosetting resin, or a combination thereof, and
• a sorbent, sorbent aid, sorbent precursor, and/or sorbent aid precursor, the sorbent aid comprising Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2, or a combination thereof, the sorbent comprising a zeolite, sodium carbonate, activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, a metal-organic framework (MOF), an amine, or a combination thereof, and the sorbent precursor and/or sorbent aid precursor comprising an Al2O3 precursor, a TiO2 precursor, an SiO2 precursor, or a combination thereof:
• wherein the carbonized and activated monolithic substrate has a bulk density of 60 g/L to 170 g/L, an open frontal area of 80-95%, and a surface area of 50 m2/g to 400 m2/g.