Active and passive integrated fireproof heat-insulating board and preparation method thereof

An active and passive integrated fireproof heat-insulating board, comprising:

• n passive fireproof layers and n or n+1 active fireproof layers, n being a natural number;
• wherein:
• the n passive fireproof layers and the n or n+1 active fireproof layers are overlapped by an alternate overlapping manner or a sandwich filling overlapping manner, and combined into an integrated structure by pressurized gel shaping and curing;
• each active fireproof layer is an inorganic fireproof board that actively consumes energy when decomposed by heat, and the inorganic fireproof board includes at least one of a gypsum fireproof plate, a glass magnesium fireproof plate, a cement fiber plate, and a silicate fiber plate;
• and
• each passive fireproof layer includes an aerogel and an inorganic fiber felt serving as a porous skeleton material, the aerogel is filled in pores of the porous skeleton material and coats an exterior of the porous skeleton material;
• the aerogel is obtained by curing and drying an aerogel stock solution having adhesiveness, and the aerogel stock solution includes, in parts by mass, 1000 to 4000 parts of silica sol, 50 to 150 parts of soluble silicate, 10 to 50 parts of a phosphate adhesive, 5 to 20 parts of quicklime, 5 to 50 parts of titanium dioxide, 10 to 50 parts of calcium stearate, 5 to 50 parts of a hydrophobic modifier, 5 to 50 parts of an acid-base regulator, and 1000 to 4000 parts of a solvent.