Plant tissue culture devices and methods

A plant tissue culture apparatus comprising:

• a replication capsule comprising a capsule body, liquid inlets, gas inlets, a gas outlet, and a liquid outlet, wherein an internal volume defined by the capsule body is configured to contain a plurality of plantlets;
• a light source configured to illuminate the plurality of plantlets in the replication capsule;
• a first gas tank coupled to the gas inlet and configured to contain a first gas;
• a first liquid tank coupled to the liquid inlet, the first liquid tank configured to contain a first liquid mixture;
• a nanobubble generator positioned between the first liquid tank and the liquid inlet;
• a second gas tank configured to contain a second gas, wherein the second gas tank is coupled to the nanobubble generator, wherein the nanobubble generator is configured to generate bubbles comprising the second gas in the first liquid mixture;
• a liquid valve between the first liquid tank and the liquid inlet;
• a first gas valve between the first gas tank and the gas inlet;
• a second gas valve between the second gas tank and the nanobubble generator;
• and
• a processor coupled to the liquid valve, the first gas valve, the second gas valve, and the light source, wherein the processor is configured to control the liquid valve, the first gas valve, the second gas valve, and the light source based on predetermined parameters or in response to information from a sensor.