# US 2026/0100780 A1 · System and method for encoding, decoding, and transmitting physical layer data > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2026/0100780 A1 - Document ID: US20260100780A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 19/417,551 - Filed: 2025-12-12 - Published: 2026-04-09 - Earliest claimed: 2023-06-14 - Assignees: Norel Systems Limited - Applicants: Norel Systems Limited - Inventors: Yuanlong WANG; Ke Liang - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20260100780A1 ## CPC - H04L 1/0071: {Use of interleaving (interleaving per se H03M13/27)} - H04L 1/0041: {Arrangements at the transmitter end} - H04L 1/0057: {Block codes (H04L1/0061, H04L1/0064 take precedence)} - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract Disclosed in the present invention is a system and method for encoding, decoding, and transmitting physical layer data. Data is encoded with error-correcting codes. The data encoded by the error-correcting codes is interleaved at a granularity of 1 bit, with an interleaving depth of n. The interleaved data is then encoded with line codes, where the line code encoding is performed in groups of m-bit binary numbers. For data decoding, the received data is first decoded with line codes, and the data after line code decoding is in groups of m-bit binary numbers. This decoded data is then deinterleaved at a granularity of 1 bit, with a deinterleaving depth of n. Finally, the deinterleaved data is decoded with error-correcting codes. Both n and m are fixed positive integers, and n≥m. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A physical layer data encoding, decoding, and transmission system, which comprising a first transmission terminal, a second transmission terminal, and a transmission channel; The first transmission terminal sends data to the second transmission terminal through the transmission channel, which is characterized in that: the first transmission terminal comprises an error-correcting code encoder, an interleaver, a line code encoder, and a transmitter; the second transmission terminal comprises a receiver, a line code decoder, a deinterleaver, and an error-correcting code decoder; the error-correcting code encoder encodes data with error-correcting codes; the interleaver interleaves the data encoded by the error-correcting codes at a granularity of bit, with an interleaving depth of n; the line code encoder encodes the interleaved data with line codes, and the line code encoding is performed in groups of m-bit binary numbers; the transmitter sends the data encoded by the line codes to the transmission channel, and the data is transmitted to the second transmission terminal through the transmission channel; the receiver receives the data sent through the transmission channel; the line code decoder decodes the received data with line codes, and the data after line code decoding is in groups of m-bit binary numbers; the deinterleaver deinterleaves the data decoded by the line codes at a granularity of 1 bit, with a deinterleaving depth of n; the error-correcting code decoder decodes the deinterleaved data with error-correcting codes; both n and m are fixed positive integers, and n≥m. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The physical layer data encoding, decoding, and transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the line code is a DC-balanced code. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The physical layer data encoding, decoding, and transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: n≥2 m. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The physical layer data encoding, decoding, and transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the error-correcting code is a block code. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The physical layer data encoding, decoding, and transmission system according to claim 4, characterized in that: each group of the block codes can correct at most one bit of error. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The physical layer data encoding, decoding, and transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the error-correcting code is an RS code, an ECC code, or a BCH code. ### Claim 7 A physical layer data encoding method, characterized in that: data is encoded with error-correcting codes; the data encoded by the error-correcting codes is interleaved at a granularity of 1 bit, with an interleaving depth of n; the interleaved data is encoded with line codes, and the line code encoding is performed in groups of m-bit binary numbers; both n and m are fixed positive integers, and n≥m. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The physical layer data encoding method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the line code is a DC-balanced code. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The physical layer data encoding method according to claim 7, characterized in that: n≥2 m. ### Claim 10 (depends on 7) The physical layer data encoding method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the error-correcting code is a block code. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The physical layer data encoding method according to claim 10, characterized in that: each group of the block codes can correct at most one bit of error. ### Claim 12 (depends on 7) The physical layer data encoding method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the error-correcting code is an RS code, an ECC code, or a BCH code. ### Claim 13 A physical layer data decoding method, characterized in that: received data is decoded with line codes, and the data after line code decoding is in groups of m-bit binary numbers; the data decoded by the line codes is deinterleaved at a granularity of 1 bit, with a deinterleaving depth of n; the deinterleaved data is decoded with error-correcting codes; both n and m are fixed positive integers, and n≥m. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The physical layer data decoding method according to claim 13, characterized in that: the line code is a DC-balanced code. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The physical layer data decoding method according to claim 13, characterized in that: n≥2 m. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The physical layer data decoding method according to claim 13, characterized in that: the error-correcting code is a block code. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The physical layer data decoding method according to claim 16, characterized in that: each group of the block codes can correct at most one bit of error. ### Claim 18 (depends on 13) The physical layer data decoding method according to claim 13, characterized in that: the error-correcting code is an RS code, an ECC code, or a BCH code. ### Claim 19 A physical layer data replacement method for transmitting data blocks through a transmission system; the transmission system comprises a first transmission terminal, a second transmission terminal, and a transmission channel, and the first transmission terminal is connected to the second transmission terminal through the transmission channel, characterized in that: the first transmission terminal encodes the data blocks with error-correcting codes to generate data blocks encoded by the error-correcting codes, interleaves the encoded data blocks at a granularity of 1 bit with an interleaving depth of n, then encodes the interleaved data with line codes in groups of m-bit binary numbers, and finally sends the symbols generated after line code encoding to the transmission channel; the second transmission terminal receives and decodes the symbols encoded by the line codes sent through the transmission channel, replaces the data at the preset replacement positions in the data decoded by the line codes, and re-encodes the replaced data with line codes; both n and m are fixed positive integers, and n≥m. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The physical layer data replacement method according to claim 19, characterized in that: the line code is a DC-balanced code. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) The physical layer data replacement method according to claim 19, characterized in that: n≥2 m. ### Claim 22 (depends on 19) The physical layer data replacement method according to claim 19, characterized in that: the error-correcting code is a block code. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The physical layer data replacement method according to claim 22, characterized in that: each group of the block codes can correct at most one bit of error. ### Claim 24 (depends on 19) The physical layer data replacement method according to claim 19, characterized in that: the error-correcting code is an RS code, an ECC code, or a BCH code.