# US 2026/0093418 A1 · Storage device, storage system, and operation method of storage system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2026/0093418 A1 - Document ID: US20260093418A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 19/263,299 - Filed: 2025-07-08 - Published: 2026-04-02 - Earliest claimed: 2024-10-02 - Assignees: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. - Applicants: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. - Inventors: Minsoo Song; Sungwook Kim; Byungyo Lee - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20260093418A1 ## CPC - G06F 3/0659: {Command handling arrangements, e.g. command buffers, queues, command scheduling} - G06F 3/061: {Improving I/O performance} - G06F 3/0613: {in relation to throughput} - G06F 3/0616: {in relation to life time, e.g. increasing Mean Time Between Failures [MTBF]} - G06F 3/064: {Management of blocks} - G06F 3/0679: {Non-volatile semiconductor memory device, e.g. flash memory, one time programmable memory [OTP]} - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) ## Abstract A storage device includes a non-volatile memory device including a first area and a second area, and a storage controller configured to communicate with an external host device based on a non-volatile memory express protocol. The storage controller is configured to receive a write command including a directive value from the external host device, receive data corresponding to the write command, and in response to an adaptive data placement feature that is enabled store the data in one area of the first area or the second area that corresponds to the directive value. The first area includes memory cells configured to store n-bits per cell, and the second area includes memory cells configured to store m-bits per cell, where n is a positive integer, m is a positive integer greater than n. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A storage device comprising: a non-volatile memory device comprising a first area and a second area; and a storage controller configured to communicate with an external host device, wherein the storage controller is configured to: receive, from the external host device, a write command comprising a directive value; receive data corresponding to the write command; and in response to an adaptive data placement feature being enabled, store the data in one of the first area or the second area that corresponds to the directive value, wherein the first area comprises memory cells configured to store n-bits per cell, and the second area comprises memory cells configured to store m-bits per cell, wherein n is a positive integer, and m is a positive integer greater than n. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The storage device of claim 1, wherein the directive value comprises (i) type information that indicates one of the first area or the second area, and (ii) data group information. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The storage device of claim 1, wherein the storage controller is configured to, in response to an identify command, provide information indicative of the adaptive data placement feature being supported to the external host device. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The storage device of claim 1, wherein the storage controller is configured to, in response to a set-feature command, enable or disable the adaptive data placement feature. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The storage device of claim 1, wherein the storage controller is configured to, in response to a namespace management command that comprises a selection field indicating a creating operation, create a namespace and map a list of memory types to data unit handles. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The storage device of claim 1, wherein the storage controller is configured to, in response to a directive send command, enable or disable the adaptive data placement feature for a namespace. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The storage device of claim 1, wherein the storage controller is configured to, in response to a data move command received from the external host device, move data stored in the first area to the second area. ### Claim 8 A method of operating a storage system comprising a host device and a storage device, the method comprising: transmitting, using the host device and to the storage device, a write command that comprises a directive value; receiving, using the storage device and in response to the write command, data corresponding to the write command; and storing, using the storage device and in response to an adaptive data placement feature being enabled, the data in one of a first area or a second area that corresponds to the directive value, wherein the storage device comprises a non-volatile memory device that comprises the first area and the second area, and wherein the first area comprises memory cells configured to store n-bits per cell, and the second area comprises memory cells configured to store m-bits per cell, wherein n is a positive integer, and m is a positive integer greater than n. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, comprising: transmitting, using the host device, an identify command to the storage device; and providing, using the storage device in response to the identify command, information indicative of the adaptive data placement feature being supported to the host device. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, comprising: removing a first namespace using the host device. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein removing the first namespace comprises: transmitting, using the host device and to the storage device, a namespace attachment command, the namespace attachment command comprising a selection field that indicates a detachment operation; and transmitting, using the host device and to the storage device, a namespace management command, the namespace management command comprising a selection field that indicates a deletion operation. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, comprising: transmitting, using the host device and to the storage device, a set-feature command, wherein the set-feature command comprises (i) a feature identifier that indicates the adaptive data placement feature; and (ii) an enablement field of the adaptive data placement feature that indicates an enablement operation. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, comprising: transmitting, using the host device and to the storage device, a get log page command, the get log page command comprising a log page identifier that indicates the adaptive data placement feature. ### Claim 14 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, comprising: transmitting, using the host device and to the storage device, a namespace management command, the namespace management command comprising a list of memory types and a selection field that indicates a creation operation. ### Claim 15 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, comprising: transmitting, using the host device and to the storage device, a namespace attachment command, the namespace attachment command comprising a selection field that indicates an attachment operation. ### Claim 16 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, comprising: transmitting, using the host device and to the storage device, a directive send command, wherein the directive send command comprises (i) a directive type field that indicates memory types, and (ii) a directive operation field that indicates enablement of the adaptive data placement feature. ### Claim 17 A storage system comprising: a storage device comprising a first area and a second area; and a host device configured to control the storage device, wherein the host device is configured to enable an adaptive data placement feature of the storage device and transmit a write command to the storage device, wherein the write command comprises a directive value that indicates type information indicative of a type of an area where data is to be stored, wherein the storage device is configured to, in response to the adaptive data placement feature being enabled and in response to the write command, store the data in one of the first area or the second area that corresponds to the directive value, and wherein the first area comprises memory cells configured to store n-bits per cell, and the second area comprises memory cells configured to store m-bits per cell, wherein n is a positive integer, and m is a positive integer greater than n. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The storage system of claim 17, wherein the directive value comprises (i) type information that indicates one of the first area or the second area, and (ii) data group information. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The storage system of claim 17, wherein the host device is configured to transmit a directive send command to the storage device, wherein the storage device is configured to, in response to the directive send command, enable the adaptive data placement feature, and wherein the directive send command comprises (i) a directive type field that indicates memory types, and (ii) a directive operation field that indicates enablement of the adaptive data placement feature. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) The storage system of claim 17, wherein the host device is configured to transmit a move command to the storage device to move the data stored in the first area to the second area.