Lead-free double perovskite short-wave infrared photodetectors and processes for forming

A process for forming a short-wave infrared device, the process comprising:

• forming a precursor solution comprising:
• a first compound (AX) comprising a first monovalent metal cation (A) and a first monovalent anion (X);
• a second compound (BX) comprising a second monovalent metal cation (B) and a second monovalent anion (X), the second monovalent metal cation being different from the first monovalent metal cation;
• a third compound (CX3) comprising a trivalent metal cation (C) and three third monovalent anions (X), each X being the same or different;
• a nitrogen-containing compound or ion thereof comprising hydrazine, ammonia, methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, triisopropylamine, aziridine, diaziridine, formamidine, amidine, guanidine, an ion thereof, or combinations thereof;
• and
• a solvent comprising dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, gamma-butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran, or combinations thereof;
• dispersing the precursor solution on a substrate;
• annealing the dispersed precursor solution on the substrate by heating the substrate at an annealing temperature that is from about 100° C. to about 300° C. to form a film composition comprising:
• the nitrogen-containing compound or ion thereof;
• and
• a lead-free double perovskite represented by Formula (I):

A short-wave infrared device, comprising:

• a hole transport layer;
• and
• a film disposed on the hole transport layer, the film comprising a composition comprising:
• a nitrogen-containing compound or ion thereof;
• and
• a lead-free double perovskite represented by Formula (I):
• wherein:
• A of Formula (I) is a first monovalent metal or cation thereof;
• B of Formula (I) is a second monovalent metal or cation thereof, the second monovalent metal being different from the first monovalent metal;
• C of Formula (I) is a trivalent metal or cation thereof;
• and
• each X of Formula (I) is, independently, a halogen or ion thereof, each X being the same or different.