# US 2026/0086166 A1 · Battery Diagnosis Apparatus and Operating Method Thereof > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2026/0086166 A1 - Document ID: US20260086166A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 19/202,636 - Filed: 2025-05-08 - Published: 2026-03-26 - Earliest claimed: 2022-11-11 - Assignees: LG Energy Solution, Ltd. - Applicants: LG Energy Solution, Ltd. - Inventors: Won Kyung Kim; Jeong Bin Lee; Sung Yul Yoon; In Sik Kim; Soon Jong Kim; Ki Wook Kwon; Young Seok Song - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20260086166A1 ## CPC - G01R 31/392: Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health - G08B 21/185: {Electrical failure alarms} - G01R 19/003: {Measuring mean values of current or voltage during a given time interval} - G01R 19/12: Measuring rate of change - G01R 19/16528: {using digital techniques or performing arithmetic operations (using digital techniques to measure a voltage or a current, see G01R19/25)} - G01R 31/3646: {for indicating electrical conditions or variables, e.g. visual or audible indicators} - G01R 31/367: Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables - G01R 31/3835: involving only voltage measurements - G01R 31/3842: combining voltage and current measurements - G01R 31/396: Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery - G01R 31/56: Testing of electric apparatus (testing of transformers G01R31/62; testing of connections G01R31/66) - G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12) - G08B: SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS ## Abstract A battery diagnosis apparatus includes an obtaining unit configured to obtain first voltage values of a plurality of respective battery units, an identifying unit configured to identify second voltage values in different idle periods from among the first voltage values, a determining unit configured to determine a voltage gradient indicating a change degree of the second voltage values of the plurality of respective battery units over time and determine a standard score (Z-score) of the voltage gradient for each of the plurality of battery units by using an average and a standard deviation of a plurality of voltage gradients one-to-one corresponding to the plurality of battery units, and a diagnosing unit configured to select, from among the plurality of battery units, a battery unit having the standard score outside of a first reference range and the voltage gradient outside of a second reference range and diagnose at least some of selected battery units as abnormal battery units. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A battery diagnosis apparatus comprising: a processor; and memory having instructions programmed thereon, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the processor to: obtain respective first voltage values of a plurality of battery units; identify second voltage values in different idle periods from among the first voltage values; for each battery unit of the plurality of battery units: determine a voltage gradient indicating a change degree of the second voltage values of the battery unitover time; determine a Z-score of the voltage gradient for the battery unit based on an average and a standard deviation of the determined plurality of voltage gradients of the plurality of battery units; and based on the Z-score of the battery unit being outside of a first reference range and the voltage gradient outside of a second reference range, diagnose the battery unit as an abnormal battery unit. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The battery diagnosis apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the processor to: for each battery unit of the plurality of battery units: determine an average voltage value of the idle periods of the battery unit, based on the second voltage values of the battery unit; and determine the voltage gradient based on the average voltage value. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The battery diagnosis apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the processor to: based on the battery unit having the Z-score greater than a first upper limit of the first reference range and the voltage gradient greater than a second upper limit of the second reference range, diagnose the battery unit as the abnormal battery unit, when the idle periods of the battery unit are after respective charging periods of the battery unit. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The battery diagnosis apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the processor to: based on the battery unit having the Z-score less than a first lower limit of the first reference range and the voltage gradient less than a second lower limit of the second reference range, diagnose the battery unit as the abnormal battery unit, when the idle periods of the battery unit are after respective discharging periods of the battery unit. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The battery diagnosis apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the processor to diagnose the battery unit as the abnormal battery unit, based on a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the second voltage values of the battery unit being greater than a designated difference value. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The battery diagnosis apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the processor to set the idle periods as periods of time for which respective ones of the plurality of battery units have one or more of voltage values, current values, amounts of charge, or amounts of discharge within respective designated ranges. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The battery diagnosis apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the processor to, for each battery unit diagnosed as abnormal, perform an abnormality processing function, wherein the abnormality processing function comprises a notification function or a short-circuit function. ### Claim 8 A battery diagnosis method comprising: obtaining respective first voltage values of a plurality of respective battery units; identifying second voltage values in different idle periods from among the first voltage values; for each battery unit of the plurality of battery units: determining a voltage gradient indicating a change degree of the second voltage values of the battery unit over time; determining a Z-score of the voltage gradient for the battery unit based on an average and a standard deviation of the determined plurality of voltage gradients of the plurality of battery units; based on the Z-score outside of a first reference range and the voltage gradient outside of a second reference range, diagnosing the battery unit as an abnormal battery unit. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The battery diagnosis method of claim 8, wherein the determining of the voltage gradient comprises: for each battery unit of the plurality of battery units: determining an average voltage value of the idle periods of the battery unit, based on the second voltage values of the battery unit; and determining the voltage gradient based on the average voltage value. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The battery diagnosis method of claim 8, wherein, when the idle periods of the battery unit are after charging periods of the battery unit, diagnosing the battery unit as an abnormal battery unit is based on the Z-score being greater than a first upper limit of the first reference range and the voltage gradient being greater than a second upper limit of the second reference range. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The battery diagnosis method of claim 8, wherein, when the idle periods of the battery unit are after discharging periods of the battery unit, diagnosing the battery unit as an abnormal battery unit is based on the Z-score being less than a first lower limit of the first reference range and the voltage gradient being less than a second lower limit of the second reference range. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The battery diagnosis method of claim 8, wherein the diagnosing of the battery unit as abnormal is based on a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the second voltage values of the battery unit being greater than a designated difference value. ### Claim 13 (depends on 8) The battery diagnosis method of claim 8, further comprising setting the idle periods as periods of time for which respective ones of the plurality of battery units have one or more of voltage values, current values, amounts of charge, or amounts of discharge within respective designated ranges. ### Claim 14 (depends on 8) The battery diagnosis method of claim 8, further comprising, for each battery unit diagnosed as abnormal, performing an abnormality processing function, wherein the abnormality processing function comprises a notification function or a short-circuit function. ### Claim 15 A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising: obtaining respective first voltage values of a plurality of respective battery units; identifying second voltage values in different idle periods from among the first voltage values; for each battery unit of the plurality of battery units: determining a voltage gradient indicating a change degree of the second voltage values of the battery unit over time; determining a Z-score of the voltage gradient for the battery unit based on an average and a standard deviation of the determined plurality of voltage gradients of the plurality of battery units; and based on the Z-score outside of a first reference range and the voltage gradient outside of a second reference range, diagnosing the battery unit as an abnormal battery unit. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the determining of the voltage gradient comprises: for each battery unit of the plurality of battery units: determining an average voltage value of the idle periods of the battery unit, based on the second voltage values of the battery unit; and determining the voltage gradient based on the average voltage value. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein, when the idle periods of the battery unit are after charging periods of the battery unit, diagnosing the battery unit as an abnormal battery unit is based on the Z-score being greater than a first upper limit of the first reference range and the voltage gradient being greater than a second upper limit of the second reference range. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein, when the idle periods of the battery unit are after discharging periods of the battery unit, diagnosing the battery unit as an abnormal battery unit is based on the Z-score being less than a first lower limit of the first reference range and the voltage gradient being less than a second lower limit of the second reference range. ### Claim 19 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the diagnosing of the battery unit as abnormal is based on a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the second voltage values of the battery unit being greater than a designated difference value. ### Claim 20 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, further comprising setting the idle periods as periods of time for which respective ones of the plurality of battery units have one or more of voltage values, current values, amounts of charge, or amounts of discharge within respective designated ranges.