Closed-loop cryoablation system and method

A closed-loop system for cryosurgery, comprising:

• a closed-loop working fluid circuit configured to contain a working fluid;
• a compressor configured to increase a pressure of the working fluid;
• a first heat exchanger downstream from the compressor, wherein the first heat exchanger is configured to lower a temperature of the working fluid;
• a cryoablation probe, the cryoablation probe comprising:
• a shaft comprising:
• a supply tube;
• and
• a return tube surrounding the supply tube;
• an insulated zone;
• an expansion chamber extending distally from the insulated zone, a cryoablation probe interface, the cryoablation probe interface comprising:
• working fluid inlet;
• and
• working fluid outlet;
• wherein the system is configured so that, after exiting the first heat exchanger, the working fluid will:
• enter the cryoablation probe via the working fluid inlet;
• travel to the expansion chamber via the supply tube;
• expand in the expansion chamber at a Joule-Thomson orifice, wherein upon expanding at the Joule Thompson orifice, the working fluid cools to a temperature of less than 150 Kelvin;
• travel to the cryoablation probe interface via the return tube;
• exit the cryoablation probe via the working fluid outlet;
• enter the compressor downstream from the working fluid outlet;
• and
• enter the first heat exchanger downstream from the compressor.