Image sensor

An image sensor comprising:

• a substrate;
• a plurality of photovoltaic devices in the substrate;
• a plurality of microlenses on the plurality of photovoltaic devices;
• a ground pattern;
• and
• a pixel separation pattern between the plurality of photovoltaic devices, the pixel separation pattern separating the substrate, wherein
• the plurality of photovoltaic devices are arranged in groups of photovoltaic devices,
• photovoltaic devices in each group of photovoltaic devices, among the groups of photovoltaic devices, correspond to a same microlens among the plurality of microlenses,
• the groups of photovoltaic devices correspond to different microlenses among the plurality of microlenses,
• the pixel separation pattern comprises an internal pixel separation pattern and an external pixel separation pattern,
• the internal pixel separation pattern is between photovoltaic devices of a same group among the groups of photovoltaic devices,
• the external pixel separation pattern is between the groups of photovoltaic devices,
• the internal pixel separation pattern and the external pixel separation pattern each include an open portion, and
• the ground pattern is in the open portion of the external pixel separation pattern.

An image sensor comprising:

• a substrate;
• a plurality of photovoltaic devices in the substrate;
• a plurality of microlenses on the plurality of photovoltaic devices;
• a pixel separation pattern between the plurality of photovoltaic devices, the pixel separation pattern separating the substrate, wherein
• the plurality of photovoltaic devices are arranged in groups of photovoltaic devices,
• photovoltaic devices in each group of photovoltaic devices, among the groups of photovoltaic devices, correspond to a same microlens among the plurality of microlenses,
• the groups of photovoltaic devices correspond to different microlenses among the plurality of microlenses,
• the pixel separation pattern comprises an internal pixel separation pattern and an external pixel separation pattern,
• the internal pixel separation pattern is between photovoltaic devices of a same group among the groups of photovoltaic devices,
• the external pixel separation pattern is between the groups of photovoltaic devices,
• each of the internal pixel separation pattern and the external pixel separation pattern comprises an open portion, and
• the external pixel separation pattern and the internal pixel separation pattern are connected to each other.