# US 2025/0366753 A1 · Dry electrodes > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2025/0366753 A1 - Document ID: US20250366753A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 19/304,017 - Filed: 2025-08-19 - Published: 2025-12-04 - Earliest claimed: 2018-11-13 - Assignees: Solventum Intellectual Properties Company - Applicants: Solventum Intellectual Properties Company - Inventors: Bret W. LUDWIG; Matthew J. BONGERS; Audrey A. SHERMAN; Jeffrey A. WISER; Jeffrey D. COTTON - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20250366753A1 ## CPC - A61B 5/259: using conductive adhesive means, e.g. gels - A61B 5/25: Bioelectric electrodes therefor - A61B 5/257: using adhesive means, e.g. adhesive pads or tapes - A61B 5/265: containing silver or silver chloride - A61B 5/266: containing electrolytes, conductive gels or pastes - A61B 5/291: for electroencephalography [EEG] - A61B 5/296: for electromyography [EMG] - A61B 5/6833: {Adhesive patches} - A61B 5/685: {Microneedles} - H01B 5/14: comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports - A61B 2562/0215: Silver or silver chloride containing - A61B 2562/028: Microscale sensors, e.g. electromechanical sensors [MEMS] - A61B 2562/125: characterised by the manufacture of electrodes - A61B 2562/227: Sensors with electrical connectors - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) - H01B: CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES (selection for magnetic properties H01F1/00; waveguides H01P {; printed circuits H05K}) ## Abstract Dry electrodes are electrodes for attachment to human skin without skin preparation or the use of electrolyte gels. The electrode includes a substrate, electrically conductive particles with at least one point, in contact with the substrate, a supporting layer that envelopes the electrically conductive particles with points that protrude from the supporting layer, and an electrical connector. Some electrodes have an electrically conductive substrate, other electrodes have an electrically conductive supporting layer. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of preparing a dry electrode comprising: preparing a precursor sheet article, wherein preparing the precursor sheet article comprises: providing a substrate with a first major surface or a second major surface; providing electrically conductive particles, wherein the electrically conductive particles comprise shaped particles with at least one point; contacting at least one electrically conductive particle with the second major surface of the substrate such that the at least one point protrudes from the second major surface of the substrate; providing a layer of supporting material with a first major surface and a second major surface; contacting the first major surface of the layer of supporting material to the second major surface of the substrate and the electrically conductive particles, such that the at least one point of at least one electrically conductive particle protrudes through the second major surface of the layer of supporting material. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises an electrically conductive substrate. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, further comprising contacting an electrical connector to the electrically conductive substrate to form electrical connectivity. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the layer of supporting material comprises a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive or a transfer tape. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises a non-conductive substrate and the layer of supporting material comprises an electrically conductive layer. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, further comprising contacting an electrical connector to at least one of the electrically conductive layer or the at least one electrically conductive particle to form electrical connectivity. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising protruding the at least one point of the at least one electrically conductive particle through the layer of supporting material such that the at least one point can penetrate the stratum corneum and epidermis layers of skin. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: coating the entire at least one electrically conductive particle in a first coating; and coating a portion of the first coating in a second coating. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising abstaining from applying an electrolyte gel to the at least one electrically conductive particle. ### Claim 10 A method of preparing a dry electrode, comprising: positioning an electrically conductive particle against a substrate such that a point of the electrically conductive particle protrudes from the substrate; and protruding the point of the electrically conductive particle through a supporting layer. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, further comprising: coating the entire electrically conductive particle in a first coating; and coating a portion of the first coating in a second coating. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein protruding the point of the electrically conductive particle through the supporting layer comprises protruding the point of the electrically conductive particle through the supporting layer such that the point can penetrate the stratum corneum and epidermis layers of skin. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, further comprising abstaining from applying an electrolyte gel to the electrically conductive particle. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the substrate comprises an electrically conductive substrate. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, further comprising contacting an electrical connector to the electrically conductive substrate to form electrical connectivity. ### Claim 16 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the layer of supporting material comprises a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive. ### Claim 17 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the layer of supporting material comprises a transfer tape. ### Claim 18 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the substrate comprises a non-conductive substrate and the supporting material comprises an electrically conductive layer. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, further comprising contacting an electrical connector to at least one of the electrically conductive layer or the electrically conductive particle to form electrical connectivity. ### Claim 20 A method, comprising: protruding a point of an electrically conductive particle from a substrate; protruding the point of the electrically conductive particle through a supporting layer a distance that can penetrate the stratum corneum and epidermis layers of skin; and contacting an electrical connector to the substrate.