A piezo photocatalytic process for the production of hydrogen from water
AssigneeNewSouth Innovations Pty Limited
InventorsYue Jiang, Charles Christopher Sorrell, Pramod Koshy, Danyang Wang
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Abstract
The present invention is directed to piezo photocatalytic process for the production of hydrogen from water, wherein the process comprises the steps of: (a) providing non-metal-doped barium titanate which includes at least one defect; (b) contacting the non-metal-doped barium titanate provided in step (a) with water to form a mixture; and (c) subjecting the mixture formed in step (b) to: (i) actinic radiation; and (ii) mechanical force, to produce hydrogen from the water, as well as non-metal-doped barium titanate and methods of production thereof.
Claims20
A piezo photocatalytic process for the production of hydrogen from water, wherein the process comprises the steps of:
- (a) providing non-metal-doped barium titanate which includes at least one defect;
- (b) contacting the non-metal-doped barium titanate provided in step (a) with water to form a mixture;
- and
- (c) subjecting the mixture formed in step (b) to:
- (i) actinic radiation;
- and
- (ii) mechanical force,
- to produce hydrogen from the water.
The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein during step (b) the mixture is subjected substantially simultaneously to:
- (i) actinic radiation;
- and
- (ii) mechanical force.
The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the non-metal-doped barium titanate has a band gap of equal to or less than 3 eV.
The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the actinic radiation in step (c) is ultra-violet radiation.
The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mechanical force in step (c) is ultrasound.
A process for producing a non-metal-doped barium titanate, wherein the process comprises the steps of:
- (i) providing non-metal-doped white barium titanate,
- wherein the non-metal-doped white barium titanate comprises Ti4+, and
- wherein greater than 90 wt % of the non-metal-doped white barium titanate is in the cubic phase and
- wherein the non-metal-doped white barium titanate obtained in step (i) has a white colour such that the L* value is in the range of from 70 to 99;
- and
- (ii) contacting the non-metal-doped white barium titanate from step (a) with hydrogen gas, wherein step (ii) is carried out at a temperature (t) in the range of from 600° C. to 1100° C., a hydrogen concentration (c) in the range 3.0 v/v % to 100 v/v %, and for a duration (d) in the range 1.0 hr to 15 hours,
- to form non-metal-doped barium titanate wherein the non-metal-doped barium titanate has a grey colour such that the L* value is in the range of from 5.0 to 70 and the b* value is greater than −5.0,
- wherein the non-metal-doped barium titanate has a molar ratio of Ti4+:Ti<4+ of from 5.0:1 to 15:1,
- wherein the non-metal-doped barium titanate is in the form of a nano composite,
- wherein the nano-composite comprises a mixture of cubic and tetragonal phases,
- wherein the tetragonal phase is in the form of inclusions which are embedded in the cubic phase, and
- wherein greater than 50 wt % of the nano-composite is in the tetragonal phase.
A non-metal-doped barium titanate,
- wherein the non-metal-doped barium titanate has a molar ratio of Ti4+:Ti<4+ of from 5.0:1 to 15:1,
- wherein the non-metal-doped barium titanate is in the form of a nano-composite, wherein the nano-composite comprises a mixture of cubic and tetragonal phases, wherein the tetragonal phase is in the form of inclusions which are embedded in the cubic phase, and
- wherein greater than 50 wt % of the nano-composite is in the tetragonal phase.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.