Interbody fusion device comprising textured surfaces

An interbody fusion device comprising an expandable cage formed of titanium or titanium alloys, said cage comprising a top surface and an opposite bottom surface, a distal end and a proximal end including a base, a plurality of flexible arms each attached to and projecting from a hinge point at said base toward said distal end, a hollow interior, and an operable expansion member within said hollow interior, each arm being free and unattached to another of the arms at the distal end thereby allowing the cage to expand only at the distal end upon operation of the operable expansion member, each of said top surface and said bottom surface including a textured surface, each of said textured surfaces comprising:

• a laser ablated surface formed to have a three-dimensional geometric pattern defined by a plurality of micro-scale projections and first recesses;
• and
• an enhanced laser ablated surface on each of said laser ablated surfaces, each of said enhanced laser ablated surfaces being defined by a plurality of nano-scale structures on at least said projections.