Specific t cell for preventing or treating cancer, and preparation method thereof

A method for preparing a cancer-specific T cell derived from an autologous or allogeneic source for preventing or treating cancer, specifically comprising steps of:

• first, isolating an immune cell from peripheral blood or a peripheral immune organ;
• then, co-incubating with an antigen-presenting cell and a nanoparticle and/or a microparticle loaded with a tumor whole-cell component or containing a partial antigen component of whole-cell component for a period of time to activate a cancer-specific T cell;
• then, isolating the cancer-specific T cell activated by a tumor antigen;
• and, reinfusing the cancer-specific T cell into the body to exert an anti-cancer effect after in vitro expansion, wherein
• preferably, the preparation method specifically comprises steps of:
• (1) first, isolating an immune cell from peripheral blood or a peripheral immune organ, or sorting a T cell from the immune cell;
• (2) co-incubating a microparticle and/or a nanoparticle loaded with a tumor antigen component with an antigen-presenting cell and the T cell for a certain period of time after mixing, and then sorting out a T cell activated and expressing a specific cell marker;
• and
• (3) co-incubating the T cell expressing the specific cell marker sorted in the step (2) with a cytokine and/or an antibody to obtain an expanded specific T cell;
• preferably, in the step (2), the tumor antigen component is a whole-cell lysate component of tumor tissue/a cancer cell or a portion of a whole-cell lysate component of tumor tissue/a cancer cell;
• and the whole-cell lysate component may be divided into a water-soluble component and a water-insoluble component solubilized in a solubilizing solution containing a solubilizing agent;
• preferably, in the step (2), the tumor antigen component is obtained by whole-cell lysis of one or more cancer cells and/or tumor tissue, by treatment after whole-cell lysis of one or more cancer cells and/or tumor tissue, or by lysis after whole-cell treatment of one or more cancer cells and/or tumor tissue, and preferably, at least one of the cancer cells or tumor tissue is the same as a target disease type;
• or the antigen component consists of a portion of a component in one or more cancer cells and/or tumor tissue, and the portion of the component contains a protein/peptide component and/or an mRNA component in a lysate;
• and
• preferably, the T cell sorted in the step (1) is any one of a CD3+ T cell, a CD3+ CD8+ T cell and a CD4+ T cell, or a combination thereof.