Systems and methods for destroying per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (pfas) using an electrochemical (ec) reactor

A treatment system for destroying at least one of a perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contained in an influent fluid stream, the system comprising:

• an influent line configured to supply the influent fluid stream to the treatment system;
• a flow recirculation system including a fluid circuit through which a recirculating fluid stream flows, the flow recirculation system comprising an electrochemical reactor (EC) configured to destroy at least some of the PFAS in the recirculating fluid stream as the recirculating fluid stream flows through the EC reactor;
• and
• an effluent line configured to remove an effluent fluid stream comprising a portion of the recirculating fluid stream from the flow recirculation system along the effluent line.

A treatment system for destroying at least one of a perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contained in an influent fluid stream, the system comprising:

• an electrochemical (EC) reactor configured to operate in a plurality of operational modes, the EC reactor comprising,
• at least one pair of electrodes including an anode electrode and a cathode electrode configured to destroy at least some of the PFAS in a recirculating fluid stream as the recirculating fluid stream flows through the EC reactor;
• and
• a controller configured to automatically toggle between the plurality of operational modes of the EC reactor.

A treatment system for destroying at least one of a perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contained in an influent fluid stream, the system comprising:

• a flow recirculation system including a fluid circuit through which a recirculating fluid stream flows, the flow recirculation system comprising:
• an electrochemical (EC) reactor configured to destroy at least some of the PFAS in the recirculating fluid stream as the recirculating fluid stream flows through the EC reactor;
• and
• a chemical management system in fluid connection with the flow recirculation system and comprising at least one sensor and at least one injector,
• wherein the at least one injector is configured to inject a chemical into the flow recirculation system at least in part upon receiving an instruction from the at least one sensor, and
• wherein the at least one sensor is configured to detect at least one fluid property of the recirculating fluid stream.

A treatment system for destroying at least one of a perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contained in an influent fluid stream, the system comprising:

• a flow recirculation system including a fluid circuit through which a recirculating fluid stream flows, the flow recirculation system comprising,
• an electrochemical (EC) reactor configured to destroy at least some of the PFAS in the recirculating fluid stream as the recirculating fluid stream flows through the EC reactor;
• and
• a temperature control system comprising a chiller, the temperature control system configured to regulate a temperature of the recirculating fluid stream.

A treatment system for destroying at least one of a perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contained in an influent fluid stream, the system comprising:

• a flow recirculation system including a fluid circuit through which a recirculating fluid stream flows, the flow recirculation system comprising,
• an electrochemical (EC) reactor configured to destroy at least some of the PFAS in the recirculating fluid stream as the recirculating fluid stream flows through the EC reactor;
• and
• an exhaust management system in fluid communication with the flow recirculation system and including a circuit through which an exhaust gas stream flows.

A method of destroying at least one of a perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contained in an influent fluid stream, the method comprising:

• flowing the influent fluid stream into a treatment system at an average influent rate;
• flowing a recirculating fluid stream through a recirculation system having an electrochemical (EC) reactor configured to destroy at least some of the PFAS in the recirculating fluid stream as the recirculating fluid stream flows through the EC reactor at an average recirculation rate;
• and
• removing an effluent fluid stream comprising a portion of the recirculating fluid stream from the recirculation system at an average effluent rate.

A method of destroying at least one of a perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contained in an influent fluid stream, the method comprising:

• flowing the influent fluid stream into a treatment system;
• flowing a recirculating fluid stream through a recirculation system having an electrochemical (EC) reactor;
• operating the EC reactor in a first operational mode to destroy at least some of the PFAS in the recirculating fluid stream as the recirculating fluid stream flows through the EC reactor;
• automatically switching the EC reactor to a second operational mode using a controller to treat a byproduct generated by the EC reactor;
• and
• removing an effluent fluid stream comprising a portion of the recirculating fluid stream from the recirculation system.

A method of destroying at least one of a perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contained in an influent fluid stream, the method comprising:

• flowing the influent fluid stream into a treatment system at an average influent rate;
• destroying at least some of the PFAS in a recirculation fluid stream by flowing the recirculating fluid stream through a recirculation system having an electrochemical (EC) reactor;
• removing an effluent fluid stream comprising a portion of the recirculating fluid stream from the recirculation system at an average effluent rate;
• and
• regulating a temperature of the recirculating fluid stream with a temperature control system having a chiller.

A method of destroying at least one of a perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contained in an influent fluid stream, the method comprising:

• flowing the influent fluid stream into a treatment system at an average influent rate;
• flowing a recirculating fluid stream through a recirculation system having an electrochemical (EC) reactor;
• operating the EC reactor to destroy at least some of the PFAS in the recirculating fluid stream;
• removing an effluent fluid stream comprising a portion of the recirculating fluid stream from the recirculation system at an average effluent rate;
• and
• automatically regulating at least one fluid property of the recirculating fluid stream.

A method of destroying at least one of a perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contained in an influent fluid stream, the method comprising:

• flowing the influent fluid stream into a treatment system at an average influent rate;
• flowing a recirculating fluid stream through a recirculation system having an electrochemical (EC) reactor;
• operating the EC reactor to destroy at least some of the PFAS in the recirculating fluid stream;
• removing an effluent fluid stream comprising a portion of the recirculating fluid stream from the recirculation system at an average effluent rate;
• and
• reducing an amount of foam generated by the EC reactor by dispensing a portion of the recirculating fluid stream directly downward over a central region of the EC reactor using an overhead nozzle positioned vertically over the central region of the EC reactor.