Encoding method, decoding method, and apparatus

A communication apparatus, wherein the apparatus comprises:

• a processing unit, configured to obtain a first bit sequence, wherein the first bit sequence comprises K information bits, and K is a positive integer, wherein
• the processing unit is further configured to perform low-density parity-check LDPC encoding on the first bit sequence based on a check matrix, to obtain a second bit sequence, wherein the check matrix is obtained based on a first base matrix, the first base matrix corresponds to a second base matrix, the second base matrix comprises the following elements:
• 0, 1, and 2, an element 1 in a 2nd column of a check part in the second base matrix and an element 2 in a 1st column of the check part are located in a same row, and a quantity of elements 1 in the 2nd column is less than or equal to a quantity of elements 2 in the 1st column;
• and the second bit sequence comprises M check bits, and M is a positive integer;
• and
• a transceiver unit, configured to send the second bit sequence.