Method for layered construction of bodies comprising refractory molding base material and resols, three-dimensional bodies produced using this method, and a binder for three-dimensionally constructing bodies

A method for the layered construction of a body comprising at least the following steps:

• a) bringing together at least one refractory molding base material and at least one ester to obtain a molding material mixture that is impregnated with ester,
• b) spreading a thin layer with a layer thickness of 1 to 6 grains of the molding material mixture,
• c) imprinting selected regions of the thin layer with a binder comprising an alkaline resol resin for curing the regions,
• d) multiple repetition of the steps b) and c) for the completion of an at least partially cured three-dimensional body,
• wherein the alkaline resol resin can be obtained from the conversion of formaldehyde with at least phenol and at least ortho- and/or para-substituted phenol, wherein the substituent is an aliphatic, branched or unbranched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and the molar ratio of ortho- and/or para-substituted phenols (A) to phenol (B) is from 1:greater than 2 to 1:15 (A:B) and
• wherein the binder has a viscosity of 3 mPa·s to 100 mPa·s, as determined with a Brookfield rotational viscosimeter, spindle No. 21 at 100 rpm and 25° C.