# US 2025/0168682 A1 · Methods, devices, and computer readable medium for communication

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- Number: US 2025/0168682 A1
- Document ID: US20250168682A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 18/839,325
- Filed: 2022-02-18
- Published: 2025-05-22
- Earliest claimed: 2022-02-18
- Assignees: NEC Corporation
- Applicants: NEC Corporation
- Inventors: Peng GUAN; Yukai GAO; Gang WANG
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20250168682A1

## CPC

- G06N 20/00: Machine learning
- H04W 24/10: Scheduling measurement reports {; Arrangements for measurement reports}
- H04B 17/382: for resource allocation, admission control or handover
- H04L 5/0051: {of dedicated pilots, i.e. pilots destined for a single user or terminal}
- H04L 41/16: using machine learning or artificial intelligence
- H04W 24/02: Arrangements for optimising operational condition
- H04B 7/0695: {using beam selection}
- H04B 7/088: {using beam selection}
- H04W 24/08: Testing, {supervising or monitoring} using real traffic
- H04W 72/046: {the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams}
- G06N: COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72)
- H04B: TRANSMISSION
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)

## Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices, and computer readable medium for communication. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device receives a measurement configuration or transmission configuration from a network device. The terminal device performs a measurement based on the measurement configuration and report results of the measurement to the network device. Alternatively, if the terminal device performs transmissions based on the transmission configuration, the network device performs a measurement based on the transmissions. The network device trains an intelligent (AI) or machine learning (ML) based on the results of the measurement. In this way, the real measurement results are used for constructing a suitable dataset for the AI or ML model at the network device.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A communication method, comprising:
receiving, at a terminal device and from a network device, a first configuration indicating at least one subset of resources from a first set of resources, wherein the at least one subset of resources is for constructing a first dataset for training a first artificial intelligent (AI) or machine learning (ML) model at the network device, and the first dataset comprises at least one of: a training dataset for model training, a validation dataset for model training, a test dataset for model training, or a dataset for model inference; and
transmitting, to the network device, information on quality determination based on the at least one subset of resources, wherein the information is for constructing the first dataset.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the first set of resources at least comprises resources for beam measurement and report, and
wherein the method further comprises:
performing a reference signal (RS) quality measurement on the at least one subset of resources; and
wherein transmitting the information comprises:
determining RS qualities on the at least one subset of resources based on the RS quality measurement; and
transmitting, to the network device, the information about the RS qualities on the at least one subset of resources.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the first configuration further comprises: a first candidate data sample for constructing the first dataset and a first report configuration, and
wherein transmitting the information comprises:
transmitting, to the network device, a first report comprising the first report quantity which indicates whether the first candidate data sample is suitable for constructing the first dataset for the first AI or ML model.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The method of claim 3, wherein the first candidate data sample comprises a subset of resources as input of the first AI or ML model and a target resource as output of the first AI or ML model.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4, further comprising:
determining qualities of the subset of resources based on a measurement on the subset of resources;
determining a quality of the target resource based on a measurement on the target resource; and
comparing the qualities of the subset of resources and the quality of the target resource; and
wherein transmitting the information comprises:
transmitting, to the network device, a first report comprising a first report quantity which indicates a result of the comparison between the qualities of the subset of resources and the quality of the target resource.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The method of claim 5, wherein the first report quantity further comprises at least one of:
a first index of the target resource with the quality of the target resource and indexes of the subset of resources with the qualities of the subset of resources,
a second index of a best resource determined by the terminal device,
indexes of a subset of measurement resources determined by the terminal device,
a measured quality of the best resource, or
measured qualities of the subset of measurement resources.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the first configuration further comprises a first candidate data sample for constructing the first dataset and the first candidate data sample comprises a subset of resources as input of the first AI or ML model, and
wherein the method further comprises:
performing a measurement on the subset of resources;
reporting, to the network device, qualities of the subset of resources based on the measurement on the subset of resources;
receiving, from the network device, a second configuration indicates a target resource as output of the first AI or ML model;
performing a measurement on the target resource; and
determining a quality of the target resource based on the measurement on the target resource.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7, wherein transmitting the information comprises:
transmitting, to the network device, a first report comprising a quality of the target resource; or
transmitting, to the network device, the first report comprising the first report quantity indicating a comparison result between the quality of the target resource and the qualities of the subset of resources.

### Claim 9 (depends on 6, 8)

The method of claim 6 or 8, wherein if at least one quality of the subset of resources is better than the quality of the target resource, the first report quantity indicates that the first candidate data sample is not suitable for constructing the first dataset for the first AI or ML model, and
if the quality of the target resource is better than all qualities of the subset of resources, the first report quantity indicates that the first candidate data sample is suitable for constructing the first dataset for the first AI or ML model.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the first set of resources comprises a set of reference signal resources, the at least one subset of resources comprises a subset of reference signal resources from the set of reference signal resources, the first configuration also indicates a target reference signal resource, and
wherein transmitting the information comprises:
transmitting a set of sounding reference signals on the set of reference signal resources to the network device; and
transmitting a target sounding reference signal on the target reference signal resource to the network device.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein the terminal device is configured with a time offset between a last symbol carrying the set of sounding reference signals and a first symbol carrying the target sounding reference signal.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the first set of resources comprises a set of reference signal resources, the at least one subset of resources comprises a subset of reference signal resources from the set of reference signal resources, and
wherein transmitting the information comprises:
transmitting a set of sounding reference signals on the set of reference signal resources to the network device; and
wherein the method further comprises:
receiving, from the network device, a second configuration indicates a target reference signal resource;
transmitting a target sounding reference signal on the target reference signal resource to the network device.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the first configuration indicates the terminal device to perform a measurement on the first set of resources, and
wherein the method further comprises:
performing a measurement on the first set of resources;
determining qualities of the first set of resources based on the measurement on the first set of resources; and
wherein transmitting the information comprises:
transmitting, to the network device, a second report indicating the qualities of the first set of resources.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, wherein the second report comprises at least one of:
indexes of the first set of resources and the qualities of the first set of resources,
indexes of a subset of resources from the first set of resources and qualities of the subset of resources which exceed a predetermined threshold, or
difference qualities of the first set of resources with respect to reference qualities of the first set of resources.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the first set of resources comprises a set of reference signal resources and the first configuration indicates the terminal device to transmit sounding reference signals on the set of reference signal resources; and
wherein transmitting the information comprises:
transmitting the sounding reference signals on the set of reference signal resources to the network device.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, from the network device, an indication of an updated subset of resources from the first set of resources, wherein the updated subset of resources is output from the first AI or ML model; and
wherein receiving the indication comprises:
receiving, from the network device, the first configuration comprising the indication of the updated subset of resources, or
receiving, from the network device, a second configuration for inference of the AI or ML model comprising the indication of the updated subset of resources.

### Claim 17 (depends on 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)

The method of any one of claim 1-16, wherein at least one of the followings is determined based on a number of receiving beams applied during inference of the first AI or ML model:
the number of reference signal resources configured in a reference signal resource set,
a measurement period requirement, or
a measurement accuracy requirement, and
wherein the number of receiving beams applied during inference of the first AI or ML model is indicated by the network device or determined by the terminal device, or wherein the number of receiving beams applied during inference of the first AI or ML model is output by the first AI or ML model.

### Claim 18 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the number of channel state information (CSI) processing units and CSI computation time depend on the number of resources actually measured for beam quality in the first set of resources.

### Claim 19

A communication method, comprising:
transmitting, at a network device and to a terminal device, a first configuration indicating at least one subset of resources from a first set of resources, wherein the at least one subset of resources is for constructing a first dataset for training a first artificial intelligent (AI) or machine learning (ML) model at the network device, and the first dataset comprises at least one of: a training dataset for model training, a validation dataset for model training, a test dataset for model training, or a dataset for model inference; and
receiving, from the terminal device, information on quality determination based on the at least one subset of resources, wherein the information is for constructing the first dataset.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19, wherein the first set of resources at least comprises resources for beam measurement and report, and
wherein receiving the information comprises:
receiving, from the terminal device, the information about reference signal (RS) qualities on the at least one subset of resources; and
wherein the method further comprises:
training the first AI or ML model based on the RS qualities of the set of beam pairs.

### Claim 21 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19, wherein the first configuration further comprises: a first candidate data sample for constructing the first dataset, and
wherein receiving the information comprises:
receiving, from the terminal device, a first report comprising a first report quantity which indicates whether the first candidate data sample is suitable for constructing the first dataset for the first AI or ML model.

### Claim 22 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the first candidate data sample comprises a subset of resources as input of the first AI or ML model and a target resource as output of the first AI or ML model.

### Claim 23 (depends on 22)

The method of claim 22, wherein receiving the information comprises:
receiving, from the terminal device, a first report comprising a first report quantity which indicates a result of the comparison between qualities of the subset of resources and a quality of the target resource.

### Claim 24 (depends on 23)

The method of claim 23, wherein the first report quantity further comprises at least one of:
a first index of the target resource with the quality of the target resource and indexes of the subset of resources with the qualities of the subset of resources,
a second index of a best resource determined by the terminal device,
indexes of a subset of measurement resources determined by the terminal device,
a measured quality of the best resource, or
measured qualities of the subset of measurement resources.

### Claim 25 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19, wherein the first configuration further comprises a first candidate data sample for constructing the first dataset and the first candidate data sample comprises a subset of resources as input of the first AI or ML model, and
wherein the method further comprises:
transmitting, to the terminal device, a second configuration indicates a target resource as output of the first AI or ML model.

### Claim 26 (depends on 25)

The method of claim 25, wherein receiving the information comprises:
receiving, from the terminal device, a first report comprising a quality of the target resource; or
receiving, from the terminal device, the first report comprising a first report quantity which indicates a comparison result between the quality of the target resource and the qualities of the subset of resources.

### Claim 27 (depends on 24, 26)

The method of claim 24 or 26, wherein if at least one quality of the subset of resources is better than the quality of the target resource, the first report quantity indicates that the first candidate data sample is not suitable for constructing the first dataset for the first AI or ML model, and
if the quality of the target resource is better than all qualities of the subset of resources, the first report quantity indicates that the first candidate data sample is suitable for constructing the first dataset for the first AI or ML model.

### Claim 28 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19, wherein the first set of resources comprises a set of reference signal resources, the at least one subset of resources comprises a subset of reference signal resources from the set of reference signal resources, the first configuration also indicates a target reference signal resource, and
wherein receiving the information comprises:
receiving a set of sounding reference signals on the set of reference signal resources from the terminal device; and
receiving a target sounding reference signal on the target reference signal resource from the terminal device.

### Claim 29 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19, wherein the first set of resources comprises a set of reference signal resources, the at least one subset of resources comprises a subset of reference signal resources from the set of reference signal resources, and
wherein receiving the information comprises:
receiving a set of sounding reference signals on the set of reference signal resources from the terminal device; and
wherein the method further comprises:
transmitting, to the terminal device, a second configuration indicates a target reference signal resource;
receiving a target sounding reference signal on the target reference signal resource from the terminal device.

### Claim 30 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19, wherein the first configuration indicates the terminal device to perform a measurement on the first set of resources, and
wherein receiving the information comprises:
receiving, from the terminal device, a second report indicating qualities of the first set of resources.

### Claim 31 (depends on 30)

The method of claim 30, wherein the second report comprises at least one of:
indexes of the first set of resources and the qualities of the first set of resources,
indexes of a subset of resources from the first set of resources and qualities of the subset of resources which exceed a predetermined threshold, or
difference qualities of the first set of resources with respect to reference qualities of the first set of resources.

### Claim 32 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19, wherein the first set of resources comprises a set of reference signal resources and the first configuration indicates the terminal device to transmit sounding reference signals on the set of reference signal resources; and
wherein receiving the information comprises:
receiving the sounding reference signals on the set of reference signal resources from the terminal device.

### Claim 33 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19, further comprising:
obtaining an updated subset of resources from output of the first AI or ML model;
transmitting, to the terminal device, an indication of the updated subset of resources; and
wherein transmitting the indication comprises:
transmitting, to the terminal device, the first configuration comprising the indication of the updated subset of resources, or
transmitting, to the terminal device, a second configuration for inference of the first AI or ML model comprising the indication of the updated subset of resources.

### Claim 34 (depends on 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33)

The method of any one of claim 1-33, wherein at least one of the followings is determined based on a number of receiving beams applied during inference of the first AI or ML model:
the number of reference signal resources configured in a reference signal resource set,
a measurement period requirement, or
a measurement accuracy requirement, and
wherein the number of receiving beams applied during inference of the first AI or ML model is indicated by the network device or determined by the terminal device, or wherein the number of receiving beams applied during inference of the first AI or ML model is output by the first AI or ML model.

### Claim 35 (depends on 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)

A terminal device comprising:
a processor; and
a memory coupled to the processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the processor, causing the terminal device to perform acts comprising the method according to any of claims 1-18.

### Claim 36 (depends on 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)

A network device comprising:
a processor; and
a memory coupled to the processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the processor, causing the network device to perform acts comprising the method according to any of claims 19-34.

### Claim 37 (depends on 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)

A computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method according to any of claims 1-18 or any of claims 19-34.