# US 2025/0167916 A1 · Method and transmitter for transmitting data using constellation

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- Number: US 2025/0167916 A1
- Document ID: US20250167916A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 18/843,624
- Filed: 2022-09-02
- Published: 2025-05-22
- Earliest claimed: 2022-04-13
- Assignees: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
- Applicants: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
- Inventors: VINCENT CORLAY; CRISTINA CIOCHINA-DUCHESNE
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20250167916A1

## CPC

- H04L 1/0042: {Encoding specially adapted to other signal generation operation, e.g. in order to reduce transmit distortions, jitter, or to improve signal shape (H04L1/0067 takes precedence)}
- H04L 1/0061: {Error detection codes}
- H04L 27/04: Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)

## Abstract

A method is for transmitting data using a constellation with M=2m symbols, divided in N sub-constellations, N and M being integers, where for any symbol in a reference sub-constellation, there is a symbol in each of the other sub-constellations with a same probability value. The method comprises: obtaining from a source of data, k groups of m−log2(N) shaping bits wherein each group of m−log2(N) shaping bits identifies one symbol xj in the reference sub-constellation, jϵ[1;k]; applying a systematic error correcting code on said k groups of m−log2(N) shaping bits to output one group of log2(N) parity bits per each symbol xj; for each symbol xj, identifying a sub-constellation using at least the group of log2(N) parity bits and selecting a symbol identified by said m−log2(N) shaping bits in said identified sub-constellation; and transmitting each of said k selected symbols to a receiver over a communication channel.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method, in a transmitter, for transmitting data using a constellation with M=2m symbols, said constellation having a quantized target shaping distribution expressed as the union of N sub-constellations, N and M being integers, where for any symbol in a reference sub-constellation belonging to the N sub-constellations, there is a symbol in each of the other sub-constellations of the N sub-constellations with a same probability value, and each other sub-constellations being a shifted version of said reference sub-constellation comprising:
obtaining from a source of data, k groups of m−log2(N) shaping bits wherein each group of m−log2(N) shaping bits identifies one symbol xj in the reference sub-constellation, j[1;k];
applying a systematic error correcting code on said k groups of m−log2(N) shaping bits to output one group of log2(N) parity bits per each symbol xj;
for each symbol xj, identifying a sub-constellation using at least the group of log2(N) parity bits and selecting a symbol identified by said m−log2(N) shaping bits in said identified sub-constellation; and
transmitting each of said k selected symbols to a receiver over a communication channel.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining from a source of data, k groups of m−log2(N) shaping bits wherein each group of m−log2(N) shaping bits identifies one symbol xj in the reference sub-constellation, j[1;k] comprises:
Applying a distribution matcher on said data of said source to obtain k symbols xj in the reference sub-constellation; and
Labelling each symbol with a group of m−log2(N) shaping bits using a labelling function.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method according to claim 2, wherein the labelling function is a natural labelling function.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The method according to claim 2, wherein the labelling function is a Gray labelling function.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method according to claim 1, wherein N=2 and wherein for each symbol xj, identifying a sub-constellation using at least the group of log2(N) parity bits and selecting a symbol identified by said m−log2(N) shaping bits in said identified sub-constellation comprises: selecting a shift value in the set {0; 2} responsive to at least the group of log2(N) parity bits and adding the selected shift value to the symbol xj of the reference sub-constellation to obtain the symbol to transmit.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The method according to claim 5, wherein selecting a shift value in the set {0; 2} responsive to at least the group of log2(N) parity bits comprises selecting a shift value responsive to double a sum modulo 2 of the group of log2(N) parity bits and of the corresponding m−log2(N) shaping bits.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method according to claim 1, wherein the constellation is an M-ASK constellation.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method according to claim 1, wherein said source of data is an equiprobable source.

### Claim 9

A transmitter configured to transmit data using a constellation with M=2m symbols, said constellation having a quantized target shaping distribution expressed as the union of N sub-constellations, N and M being integers, where for any symbol in a reference sub-constellation belonging to the N sub-constellations, there is a symbol in each of the other sub-constellations of the N sub-constellations with a same probability value, and each other sub-constellations being a shifted version of said reference sub-constellation, the transmitter comprises at least one processor configured to:
obtain from a source of data, k groups of m−log2(N) shaping bits wherein each group of m−log2(N) shaping bits identifies one symbol xj in the reference sub-constellation, j[1;k];
apply a systematic error correcting code on said k groups of m−log2(N) shaping bits to output one group of log2(N) parity bits per each symbol xj;
for each symbol xj, identify a sub-constellation using at least the group of log2(N) parity bits and select a symbol identified by said m−log2(N) shaping bits in said identified sub-constellation; and
transmit each of said k selected symbols to a receiver over a communication channel.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The transmitter according to claim 9, wherein to obtain from a source of data, k groups of m−log2(N) shaping bits wherein each group of m−log2(N) shaping bits identifies one symbol xj in the reference sub-constellation, j[1;k] comprises:
to apply a distribution matcher on said data of said source to obtain k symbols xj in the reference sub-constellation; and
to label each symbol with a group of m−log2(N) shaping bits using a labelling function.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The transmitter according to claim 10, wherein the labelling function is a natural labelling function.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The transmitter according to claim 10, wherein the labelling function is a Gray labelling function.

### Claim 13 (depends on 9)

The transmitter according to claim 9, wherein N=2 and wherein for each symbol xj, to identify a sub-constellation using at least the group of log2(N) parity bits and to select a symbol identified by said m−log2(N) shaping bits in said identified sub-constellation comprises: to select a shift value in the set {0; 2} responsive to at least the group of log2(N) parity bits and to add the selected shift value to the symbol xj of the reference sub-constellation to obtain the symbol to transmit.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The transmitter according to claim 13, wherein to select a shift value in the set {0; 2} responsive to at least the group of log2(N) parity bits comprises to select a shift value responsive to double a sum modulo 2 of the group of log2(N) parity bits and of the corresponding m−log2(N) shaping bits.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

A computer program product comprising program code instructions that can be loaded in a programmable device, the program code instructions causing implementation of the method according to claim 1 when the program code instructions are run by the programmable device.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

A storage medium storing a computer program comprising program code instructions, the program code instructions causing implementation of the method according to claim 1 when the program code instructions are read from the storage medium and run by a programmable device.