# US 2025/0167337 A1 · Multifunctional lithium-ion battery protection > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2025/0167337 A1 - Document ID: US20250167337A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 18/952,476 - Filed: 2024-11-19 - Published: 2025-05-22 - Earliest claimed: 2023-11-21 - Assignees: The Florida State University Research Foundation, Inc. - Applicants: Florida State University Research Foundation, Inc. - Inventors: Farhad Farzaneh; Sungmoon Jung - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20250167337A1 ## CPC - H01M 10/6552: Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes - H01M 10/613: Cooling or keeping cold - H01M 10/625: Vehicles - H01M 10/659: by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition - H01M 50/242: adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling - H01M 2220/20: Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract Systems and methods for protecting batteries (e.g., lithium ion batteries, such as electric vehicle (EV) batteries) are provided. Multifunctional battery protection systems and methods provide efficient heat dissipation and effective energy absorption. Designed tubes can be integrated and/or filled with a phase change material (PCM), thereby significantly enhancing the safety and performance of batteries, such as EV batteries, under various operating conditions. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system for protecting batteries, the system comprising: a plurality of tubes configured to be disposed around the batteries, respectively, wherein each tube of the plurality of tubes comprises a phase change material (PCM) disposed therein, wherein each tube of the plurality of tubes comprises a first cap on a first end thereof, and wherein the first cap comprises at least one first orifice. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein each tube of the plurality of tubes further comprises a second cap on a second end thereof. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one first orifice comprises at least four first orifices. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The system according to claim 3, wherein a largest dimension of each first orifice is in a range of from 2 millimeters (mm) to 6 mm. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) The system according to claim 2, wherein the second cap comprises at least one second orifice. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The system according to claim 5, wherein the at least one second orifice comprises at least four second orifices, and wherein a largest dimension of each second orifice is in a range of from 2 mm to 6 mm. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein each tube of the plurality of tubes comprises aluminum. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein each tube of the plurality of tubes is a cylindrical-shaped tube, and wherein each tube of the plurality of tubes is completely filled with the PCM in an axial direction of the tube and completely filled with PCM around the battery in a radial direction of the tube. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The system according to claim 8, wherein a thickness of a wall of each tube of the plurality of tubes is less than 10% of a diameter of said tube. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of a wall of each tube of the plurality of tubes is less than 10% of a diameter of said tube. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of each tube of the plurality of tubes is in a range of from 1.5 mm to 4 mm, and wherein a diameter of each tube of the plurality of tubes is in a range of from 45 mm to 60 mm. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) A method for protecting a battery pack, the method comprising: providing the system according to claim 1; and disposing the plurality of tubes around batteries, respectively, of the battery pack. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method according to claim 12, wherein the disposing of the plurality of tubes around the batteries, respectively, of the battery pack comprises disposing the plurality of tubes such that the PCM of each tube is in direct physical contact with the respective battery around which the tube is disposed. ### Claim 14 A system for protecting batteries, the system comprising: a plurality of tubes configured to be disposed around the batteries, respectively, wherein each tube of the plurality of tubes comprises a phase change material (PCM) disposed therein, and wherein the PCM comprises a paraffin-graphite composite. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) The system according to claim 12, wherein a weight ratio of graphite:paraffin in the PCM is about 1:15. ### Claim 16 (depends on 12) The system according to claim 12, wherein each tube of the plurality of tubes is a cylindrical-shaped tube, and wherein each tube of the plurality of tubes is completely filled with the PCM in an axial direction of the tube and completely filled with PCM around the battery in a radial direction of the tube. ### Claim 17 (depends on 12) The system according to claim 12, wherein a thickness of a wall of each tube of the plurality of tubes is less than 10% of a diameter of said tube. ### Claim 18 (depends on 12) The system according to claim 12, wherein a thickness of each tube of the plurality of tubes is in a range of from 1.5 mm to 4 mm, and wherein a diameter of each tube of the plurality of tubes is in a range of from 45 mm to 60 mm. ### Claim 19 (depends on 12) A method for dissipating heat from a battery pack, the method comprising: providing the system according to claim 12; and disposing the plurality of tubes around batteries, respectively, of the battery pack. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method according to claim 19, wherein the disposing of the plurality of tubes around the batteries, respectively, of the battery pack comprises disposing the plurality of tubes such that the PCM of each tube is in direct physical contact with the respective battery around which the tube is disposed.