# US 2025/0165656 A1 · Gpu-accelerated and memory-independent layout generation for large-scale metamaterials and metadevices > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2025/0165656 A1 - Document ID: US20250165656A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 18/954,332 - Filed: 2024-11-20 - Published: 2025-05-22 - Earliest claimed: 2023-11-20 - Applicants: The Regents of the University of California - Inventors: Abdoulaye Ndao; Sina Moayed Baharlou; Saeed Hemayat - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20250165656A1 ## CPC - G06F 30/10: Geometric CAD - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) ## Abstract A framework for generating a large-scale or unbound graphics design system file is disclosed. In one example aspect, the framework comprises receiving a target layout of the GDSII file, wherein the target layout includes multiple unit cells that each have a geometric shape and oriented at an angle. Upon receiving the target layout, the target layout is divided into blocks of equal size. Within each block, a position, rotation, and scaling of the geometric shapes is calculated. The shapes are generated within each block using matrix multiplication of transformation matrix and unit cell vectors, and the shapes are converted into a GDSII file format. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A computer-implemented method for generating an unbounded graphic design system II (GDSII) file, the method comprising: receiving, at a computing device comprising a processor and a memory, a target layout of a GDSII file, wherein the target layout includes multiple unit cells that each have a geometric shape and oriented at an angle; upon receiving the target layout, dividing the target layout into blocks of one or both of equal size and unequal size; for each block, calculating a position, rotation, and scaling of at least one geometric shape associated with each block; generating one or more shapes associated with each block using matrix multiplication of one or more transformation matrices and one or more unit cell vectors; and converting the generated one or more shapes into a GDSII file format. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the computer-implemented method is implementable by the computing device using 2.7 GB or less of the memory of the computing device. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the GDSII file format represents a metasurface layout for a metasurface having an array of nanostructures corresponding to one or more meta-atoms. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the one or more meta-atoms in the metasurface layout are indicative of optical properties of a designed material. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the computer-implemented method is operable to reduce an amount of required computer memory for implementation of the method by an average factor of approximately 0.5×Dn2, where Dn is a normalized metasurface diameter. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein a first unit cell and a second unit cell of the multiple unit cells of the target layout are configured to have one or more of: (i) a same shape and a same size among the first unit cell and the second unit cell, (ii) a same shape and a same angle of orientation among the first unit cell and the second unit cell, (iii) a same shape and a different size among the first unit cell and the second unit cell, (iv) a same shape and different angle of orientation among the first unit cell and the second unit cell, (v) a different size and a same shape among the first unit cell and the second unit cell, (vi) a different size and a same angle of orientation among the first unit cell and the second unit cell, (vii) a different size and a different shape among the first unit cell and the second unit cell, or (viii) a different size and a different angle of orientation among the first unit cell and the second unit cell. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the generating of the one or more shapes associated with each block are generated in parallel. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the converting the generated one or more shapes into the GDSII file format includes combining the blocks to form a design layout. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the formed design layout corresponds to a metasurface of a metamaterial. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: processing the target layout that includes the multiple unit cells by configuring at least some of unit cells into a plurality of layers of the at least some unit cells. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the plurality of layers corresponds to at least one particle of a metasurface for a metamaterial. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the processor of the computer includes a multicore, multi-thread central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the computing device is a parallel computing device. ### Claim 14 An engineered metamaterial designed using a graphic design system II (GDSII) file, wherein the GDSII file used to design the engineered metamaterial was generated by a method comprising: receiving, at a computing device comprising a processor and a memory, a target layout of a GDSII file, wherein the target layout includes multiple unit cells that each have a geometric shape and oriented at an angle; upon receiving the target layout, dividing the target layout into blocks of one or both of equal size and unequal size; for each block, calculating a position, rotation, and scaling of at least one geometric shape associated with each block; generating one or more shapes associated with each block using matrix multiplication of one or more transformation matrices and one or more unit cell vectors; and converting the generated one or more shapes into a GDSII file format. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The engineered metamaterial of claim 14, wherein the metamaterial is part of a metadevice including one or more of a metalense, a structured light projector, a beam splitter, a beam combiner, a meta-power-limiter, a carpet cloaking device, a hologram generator, or a sensor using both dielectric and plasmonic metasurfaces. ### Claim 16 A non-transitory, computer-readable medium storing instructions thereon that, when executed by one or more processors of a computing system, cause the computing system to perform operations for generating an unbounded graphic design system II (GDSII) file, the operations comprising: receiving, at the computing system, a target layout of a GDSII file, wherein the target layout includes multiple unit cells that each have a geometric shape and oriented at an angle; upon receiving the target layout, dividing the target layout into blocks of one or both of equal size and unequal size; for each block, calculating a position, rotation, and scaling of at least one geometric shape associated with each block; generating one or more shapes associated with each block using matrix multiplication of one or more transformation matrices and one or more unit cell vectors; and converting the generated one or more shapes into a GDSII file format. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the instructions are executable on the computer system using 2.7 GB or less of computer memory of the computing system. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the computing system, when the instructions are executed by the one or more processors, is operable to reduce an amount of required computer memory when performing the operations by an average factor of approximately 0.5×Dn2, where Dn is a normalized metasurface diameter. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the converting the generated one or more shapes into the GDSII file format includes combining the blocks to form a design layout. ### Claim 20 (depends on 16) The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the operations further comprise: processing the target layout that includes the multiple unit cells by configuring at least some of unit cells into a plurality of layers of the at least some unit cells.