# US 2025/0159577 A1 · Network recommended seamless roaming > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2025/0159577 A1 - Document ID: US20250159577A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 18/506,831 - Filed: 2023-11-10 - Published: 2025-05-15 - Earliest claimed: 2023-11-10 - Assignees: QUALCOMM Incorporated - Applicants: QUALCOMM Incorporated - Inventors: Abhishek Pramod PATIL; Gaurang NAIK; Sai Yiu Duncan HO; Alfred ASTERJADHI; George CHERIAN - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20250159577A1 ## CPC - H04W 36/0061: {of neighbour cell information} - H04W 36/18: for allowing seamless reselection, e.g. soft reselection - H04W 8/02: Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks - H04W 36/0069: {in case of dual connectivity, e.g. decoupled uplink/downlink} - H04W 36/06: Reselecting a communication resource in the serving access point - H04W 36/08: Reselecting an access point - H04W 76/15: Setup of multiple wireless link connections - H04W 84/12: WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks] - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) ## Abstract This disclosure provides techniques that enable a network entity to indicate recommendations, to a wireless station (STA), for seamless roaming. For example, a single mobility domain (SMD) entity with knowledge of various access points (APs), for example regarding loading and capability, may be able to recommend a set of one or more APs that may be most suitable as targets for the STA to transition to. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: at least one memory comprising computer-executable instructions; and one or more processors configured to execute the computer-executable instructions and cause the apparatus to: establish association with a single mobility domain (SMD) entity; communicate with a first set of one or more serving access point (AP) devices affiliated with the SMD entity; obtain at least a first frame indicating one or more AP devices affiliated with the SMD entity; select a second set of one or more target AP devices after obtaining the at least a first frame; and transition from the first set to the second set. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transition is performed in a manner that is independent of reassociation with the SMD entity. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the apparatus to: output a request for the first frame, wherein the first frame is obtained after outputting the request. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein in order to select, the one or more processors are further configured to cause the apparatus to at least one of: delete one or more AP devices from a list of target AP devices; or add one or more AP devices to the list of target AP devices. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the added one or more AP devices comprise a subset of the one or more AP devices indicated by the frame. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first frame comprises a link reconfiguration notify frame. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the link reconfiguration notify frame conveys at least one multi-link (ML) information element (IE). ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first frame comprises a basic service set (BSS) Transition Management (BTM) request frame. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the BTM request frame conveys at least one Neighbor Report information element (IE). ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first frame includes one or more fields that indicate at least one of: a media access control (MAC) address associated with the SMD entity; at least one MAC address associated with at least one target AP multi-link device (MLD); that the at least one target AP MLD belongs to the SMD entity; an identifier (ID) of the at least one target AP MLD; or one or more station (STA) profiles corresponding to the one or more AP devices indicated by the frame. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first frame conveys a STA profile for at least one of the indicated AP devices. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the first frame comprises: at least one of a first one or more fields or a first one or more elements that convey information common to a plurality of the indicated AP devices; and at least one of a second one or more fields or a second one or more elements that convey information specific to one of the indicated AP devices. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the first one or more fields and one or more elements are carried in a first STA profile; and the second one or more fields and one or more elements are carried in a second STA profile. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the apparatus to: output a request for information regarding one or more of the one or more AP devices indicated in the first frame; obtain the information after outputting the request; and use the information when selecting the second set of one or more target AP devices. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least one transceiver configured to receive the first frame, wherein the apparatus is configured as a wireless station. ### Claim 16 An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: at least one memory comprising computer-executable instructions; and one or more processors configured to execute the computer-executable instructions and cause the apparatus to: generate at least a first frame indicating one or more serving AP devices affiliated with a single mobility domain (SMD) entity, wherein the apparatus is also affiliated with the SMD entity; output the at least the first frame to a wireless node affiliated with the SMD entity; and participate, after outputting the first frame, in a procedure to transition the wireless node from a first set of one or more serving AP devices to a second set of one or more serving AP devices. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the apparatus to: obtain a request for the first frame, wherein the first frame is outputted after obtaining the request. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first frame comprises a link reconfiguration notify frame. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the link reconfiguration notify frame conveys at least one multi-link (ML) information element (IE). ### Claim 20 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first frame comprises a basic service set (BSS) Transition Management (BTM) request frame. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the BTM request frame conveys at least one Neighbor Report information element (IE). ### Claim 22 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first frame includes one or more fields that indicate at least one of: a media access control (MAC) address associated with the SMD entity; at least one MAC address associated with at least one target AP multi-link device (MLD); that the at least one target AP MLD belongs to the SMD entity; an identifier (ID) of the at least one target AP MLD; or one or more station (STA) profiles corresponding to the one or more AP devices indicated by the frame. ### Claim 23 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first frame conveys a STA profile for at least one of the indicated AP devices. ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) The apparatus of claim 23, wherein: the first frame comprises: at least one of a first one or more fields or a first one or more elements that convey information common to a plurality of the indicated AP devices; and at least one of a second one or more fields or a second one or more elements that convey information specific to one of the indicated AP devices; the first one or more fields and one or more elements are carried in a first STA profile; the second one or more fields and one or more elements are carried in a second STA profile; and the first STA profile occurs, in the first frame, before the second STA profile. ### Claim 25 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the one or more serving AP devices indicated in the first frame comprise at least one single AP MLD is affiliated with a set of collocated APs. ### Claim 26 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the one or more serving AP devices indicated in the first frame comprise at least two AP MLDs affiliated with a set of non-collocated APs. ### Claim 27 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the apparatus to: obtain a request for information regarding one or more of the one or more AP devices indicated in the first frame; and output the information after obtaining the request. ### Claim 28 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising at least one transceiver configured to transmit the first frame, wherein the apparatus is configured as an access point (AP). ### Claim 29 A method for wireless communication at a first wireless node, comprising: establishing association with a single mobility domain (SMD) entity; communicating with a first set of one or more serving access point (AP) devices affiliated with the SMD entity; obtaining at least a first frame indicating one or more AP devices affiliated with the SMD entity; selecting a second set of one or more target AP devices after obtaining the at least the first frame; and transitioning from the first set to the second set.