# US 2025/0146009 A1 · Plant grain size regulation gene and use thereof > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2025/0146009 A1 - Document ID: US20250146009A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 19/011,969 - Filed: 2025-01-07 - Published: 2025-05-08 - Earliest claimed: 2022-08-19 - Assignees: Capital Normal University - Applicants: Capital Normal University - Inventors: Ligeng MA; Ying CAO; Jing WU - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20250146009A1 ## CPC - C12N 15/8261: {with agronomic (input) traits, e.g. crop yield} - A01H 5/00: Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy - A01H 5/10: Seeds - A01H 6/20: Brassicaceae, e.g. canola, broccoli or rucola - A01H 6/46: Gramineae or Poaceae, e.g. ryegrass, rice, wheat or maize - A01H 6/54: Leguminosae or Fabaceae, e.g. soybean, alfalfa or peanut - C07K 14/415: from plants - C12N 9/22: Ribonucleases {[RNase]; Deoxyribonucleases [DNase]} - C12N 9/226: {Class 2 CAS enzyme complex, e.g. single CAS protein} - C12N 15/11: DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof (DNA or RNA not used in recombinant technology, C07H21/00); {Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity} - C12N 15/82: for plant cells {, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)} - C12N 15/8201: {Methods for introducing genetic material into plant cells, e.g. DNA, RNA, stable or transient incorporation, tissue culture methods adapted for transformation} - C12N 15/8213: {Targeted insertion of genes into the plant genome by homologous recombination} - C12Q 1/6895: for plants, fungi or algae - C12N 2310/20: involving clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats [CRISPR] - Y02A 40/146: Genetically Modified [GMO] plants, e.g. transgenic plants - C12N: MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA (microbiological testing media C12Q1/00) - A01H: NEW PLANTS OR {NON-TRANSGENIC} PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES - C07K: PEPTIDES (peptides in foodstuffs A23; obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs, working-up proteins for foodstuffs A23J; preparations for medicinal purposes A61K; peptides containing beta-lactam rings C07D; cyclic dipeptides not having in their molecule any other peptide link than those which form their ring, e.g. piperazine-2,5-diones, C07D; ergot alkaloids of the cyclic peptide type C07D519/02; macromolecular compounds having statistically distributed amino acid units in their molecules, i.e. when the preparation does not provide for a specific; but for a random sequence of the amino acid units, homopolyamides and block copolyamides derived from amino acids C08G69/00; macromolecular products derived from proteins C08H1/00; preparation of glue or gelatine C09H; single cell proteins, enzymes C12N; genetic engineering processes for obtaining peptides C12N15/00; compositions for measuring or testing processes involving enzymes C12Q; investigation or analysis of biological material G01N33/00) - C12Q: MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS (immunoassay G01N33/53); COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES - Y02A: TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE ## Abstract Disclosed are a plant grain size regulation gene and use thereof, which belong to the technical field of biology. PCFS gene mutants in different crops are obtained by gene editing, and by means of experiments and statistical analysis, it is found that the mutants have a phenotype of enlarged plant grain and part of the mutants have a phenotype of improved stress resistance. The provided gene, mutants, and method for use same are beneficial to increase the crop yield and improve the quality and enhance the resistance of plants to an adverse environment, provide gene resources and technical support for cultivating new plant varieties with large grain weight and high stress resistance, and thereby have important significance and application value for improvement of agronomic traits of crops and breeding of high-yield and high stress-resistant molecules. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An isolated polynucleotide of a gene mutant, wherein a plant containing the gene mutation has bigger grains, and wherein said gene has an isolated polynucleotide selected from one of the sequences in the following group: (a) a nucleotide sequence with a gene ID of BnaA04G0223600WE, BnaA05G0075100WE, BnaA09G0222400WE, BnaC04G0102200WE, BnaC04G0535800WE or BnaC09G0254600WE in Brassica napus; (b) a nucleotide sequence with a gene ID of Glyma.03G191200, Glyma.10G066300, Glyma.10G251100, Glyma.19G191800, Glyma.19G191900 or Glyma.20G142500 in soybean; (c) a nucleotide sequence with a gene ID of LOC_Os08g08830 or LOC_Os09g39270 in rice; or (d) a nucleotide sequence with a gene ID of Zm00001d000023, Zm00001d005350, Zm00001d019856 or Zm00001d049442 in maize; or (e) an isolated polynucleotide capable of hybridizing with any one of the isolated polynucleotide of (a) to (d) under a stringent condition; (f) a nucleotide sequence having at least 85%, 90%, 95% or more sequence similarity with a full length of any one of the isolated polynucleotide of (a) to (e), and having a function of making a plant have bigger grains after mutation in the plant; or (g) a nucleotide sequence complementary to any one of the nucleotide sequences of (a) to (f). ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The isolated polynucleotide of the gene mutant of claim 1, wherein said gene has an isolated polynucleotide selected from one of the sequences in the following group: (a) a nucleotide sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 13, 14, 16, 17, 22, 23, 25, 26, 28, 29, 34, 35, 37, 38, 40, 42, 43, 44, 49, 50, 52, 53, 55, 56, 58, 59, 61, 62, 64, 65, 67, 68, 70, 71, 73, 74; (b) a nucleotide sequence encoding an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 15, 18, 24, 27, 30, 36, 39, 42, 45, 51, 54, 57, 60, 63, 66, 69, 72, 75; (c) a nucleotide sequence capable of hybridizing with the nucleotide sequence in (a) or (b) under a stringent condition; (d) a nucleotide sequence having at least 85%, 90%, 95% or more sequence similarity with a full length of any one of the nucleotide sequences of (a) to (c), and having a function of making a plant have bigger grains after mutation; or (e) a DNA sequence complementary to any one of the sequences of (a) to (d). ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The isolated polynucleotide of the gene mutant of claim 1, wherein said gene mutation comprises substitution, deletion and/or addition of one or more nucleotides on the nucleotide sequence of said gene. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The isolated polynucleotide of the gene mutant of claim 1, wherein said mutation is obtained by technologies such as physical mutagenesis, chemical mutagenesis, ZFN, TALEN and/or CRISPR/Cas9. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The isolated polynucleotide of the gene mutant of claim 4, wherein a target sequence used in the CRISPR/Cas9 technology is selected from one of the sequences in the following group: (a) a fragment having a sequence conforming to a sequence arrangement rule of 5′-Nx-NGG-3′ in a nucleotide sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO:13, 14, 16, 17, 22, 23, 25, 26, 28, 29, 34, 35, 37, 38, 40, 42, 43, 44, 49, 50, 52, 53, 55, 56, 58, 59, 61, 62, 64, 65, 67, 68, 70, 71, 73 or 74, wherein N represents any one of A, G, C and T, 14