# US 2025/0143744 A1 · Systems and methods for draining cerebrospinal fluid

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- Number: US 2025/0143744 A1
- Document ID: US20250143744A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 19/017,175
- Filed: 2025-01-10
- Published: 2025-05-08
- Earliest claimed: 2022-02-25
- Assignees: The Penn State Research Foundation
- Applicants: The Penn State Research Foundation
- Inventors: Elias RIZK; Sprague W. HAZARD, III
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20250143744A1

## CPC

- A61B 17/3415: {for introducing tubes or catheters, e.g. gastrostomy tubes, drain catheters (A61B17/3417 takes precedence; body piercing catheter guide needles A61M25/06)}
- A61B 17/1204: {temporary occlusion}
- A61B 17/12109: {in a blood vessel}
- A61B 17/12159: {Solid plugs; being solid before insertion}
- A61B 17/3468: {for implanting or removing devices, e.g. prostheses, implants, seeds, wires (devices for implanting seeds A61M37/0069)}
- A61B 17/3472: {for bones, e.g. intraosseus injections}
- A61M 27/006: {Cerebrospinal drainage; Accessories therefor, e.g. valves}
- A61B 2017/00407: {Ratchet means}
- A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D)
- A61M: DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY (introducing media into or onto the bodies of animals A61D7/00; means for inserting tampons A61F13/26; devices for administering food or medicines orally A61J; containers for collecting, storing or administering blood or medical fluids A61J1/05); DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY (surgery A61B; chemical aspects of surgical articles A61L); DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR {(Electrotherapy, e.g. producing anaesthesia by the use of alternating or intermittent currents A61N1/36021)}

## Abstract

An implant system can include a body defining a first end and a second end opposite the first end. The body can include an exterior surface including threads. The implant system can include a needle coupled to the body and extending past the second end of the body. The body can be configured to be driven into an opening in a bone to place the implant into the bone, thereby securing the implant to the bone. The body can be configured to be driven into the opening in the bone such that the needle pierces a tissue adjacent to the bone, thereby placing an end of the needle into an anatomical cavity.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An implant system comprising:
an implant comprising a body defining a first end and a second end opposite the first end, the body including an exterior surface including threads; and
a needle removably coupled to the body and extending past the second end of the body,
the body being configured to be driven into an opening in a bone to place the implant into the bone, thereby securing the implant to the bone, and
the body being configured to be driven into the opening in the bone such that the needle pierces a tissue adjacent to the bone thereby placing an end of the needle into an anatomical cavity.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The implant system of claim 1, further comprising a bore directed through the body,
wherein the needle is configured to be removably inserted through the bore so that a portion of the needle extends past the second end of the body.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The implant system of claim 2, wherein the needle does not have a lumen.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The implant system of claim 2, wherein the bore is a first bore, and further comprising an insert having a second bore directed entirely through the insert, the insert being configured to be inserted through the first bore of the body so that a portion of the insert extends past the second end of the body, and
wherein the insert is configured to be coupled to the body when the insert is placed into the first bore of the body.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The implant system of claim 4, wherein the tissue is the dura mater, and wherein the anatomical cavity is the cisterna magna,
wherein when the needle pierces the dura mater, an opening is formed in the dura mater, and
wherein after the needle is retreated from the opening in the dura mater, the portion of the insert that extends past the second end of the body is configured to be inserted through the opening, thereby bringing the second bore of the insert in fluid communication with the cisterna magna.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The implant system of claim 1, wherein the tissue is the dura mater, and wherein the anatomical cavity is the cisterna magna,
wherein the needle includes a lumen, and
wherein when the needle enters the cisterna magna, the lumen of the needle is brought into fluid communication with the cisterna magna such that cerebrospinal fluid flows through the needle.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The implant system of claim 1, wherein the needle extends past the second end of the body a predetermined distance that is less than 3 millimeters.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The implant system of claim 1, further comprising a tool interface positioned at the first end of the body, and
wherein a socket of a ratchet is configured to engage with the tool interface to drive rotation of the body of the implant into the bone.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The implant system of claim 1, further comprising a reservoir including a first port in fluid communication with the reservoir and a second port in fluid communication with the reservoir,
wherein the reservoir is configured to be coupled to the implant, thereby bringing the first port into fluid communication with a bore of the implant.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The implant system of claim 9, wherein the first port is substantially perpendicular to the second port.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The implant system of claim 1, wherein the body is a first body, and further comprising a plug including:
a second body;
a mechanical stop coupled to the second body;
a bore directed entirely through the second body; and
a retainer having an opening, the second body configured to be received through the opening to secure the retainer to the second body,
wherein the plug is configured to be inserted into an opening in a blood vessel so that a wall of the blood vessel is positioned between the mechanical stop and the retainer.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The implant system of claim 11, wherein the mechanical stop extends beyond the opening in the blood vessel and contacts the wall of the blood vessel, and
wherein the opening of the retainer is configured to be smaller than a portion of the second body so that when the portion of the second body is inserted into the opening of the retainer, the opening expands, and the retainer retracts around the portion of the second body to secure the retainer to the second body.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The implant system of claim 11, wherein the mechanical stop is configured to be compressed into a compressed state and expanded into an expanded state,
wherein the mechanical stop in the compressed state is configured to be inserted through the opening of the blood vessel, and
wherein the mechanical stop is configured to transition from the compressed state to the expanded state while the mechanical stop is positioned in the blood vessel, and
wherein the mechanical stop in the expanded state is blocked from being retreated back through the opening of the blood vessel.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The implant system of claim 11, wherein a first location of the opening in the bone and a second location of the opening in the blood vessel are coplanar.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The implant system of claim 1, wherein the implant includes:
an extension that extends past the second end of the body, and
a bore that is directed through the body and the extension, and
wherein the needle extends through the bore and past the extension.

### Claim 16

An implant method comprising:
driving a body of an implant into an opening in a bone to place the implant into the bone, thereby securing the implant to the bone,
the implant comprising a body defining a first end and a second end opposite the first end, the body including an exterior surface including threads, and
a needle removably coupled to the body and extending past the second end of the body; and
piercing, with the needle by driving the body into the opening in the bone, a tissue adjacent to the bone thereby placing an end of the needle into an anatomical cavity.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The implant method of claim 16, further comprising a bore directed through the body,
wherein the method further comprises:
removably inserting the needle through the bore so that a portion of the needle extends past the second end of the body.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The implant method of claim 17, wherein the needle does not have a lumen.

### Claim 19 (depends on 17)

The implant method of claim 17, wherein the bore is a first bore,
wherein the implant further comprises an insert having a second bore directed entirely through the insert,
wherein the method further comprises:
inserting the insert through the first bore of the body so that a portion of the insert extends past the second end of the body, and
coupling the insert to the body when the insert is placed into the first bore of the body.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The implant method of claim 19, wherein the tissue is the dura mater,
wherein the anatomical cavity is the cisterna magna, and
wherein the method further comprises:
piercing the dura mater using the needle to form an opening in the dura mater, and
retreating the needle from the opening in the dura mater such that the portion of the insert that extends past the second end of the body is inserted through the opening, thereby bringing the second bore of the insert in fluid communication with the cisterna magna.

### Claim 21 (depends on 16)

The implant method of claim 16, wherein the tissue is the dura mater,
wherein the anatomical cavity is the cisterna magna,
wherein the needle includes a lumen, and
wherein the method further comprises:
advancing the needle to enter the cisterna magna so that the lumen of the needle is brought into fluid communication with the cisterna magna such that cerebrospinal fluid flows through the needle.

### Claim 22 (depends on 16)

The implant method of claim 16, further comprising:
advancing the needle to extend past the second end of the body a predetermined distance that is less than 3 millimeters.

### Claim 23 (depends on 16)

The implant method of claim 16, further comprising a tool interface positioned at the first end of the body,
wherein the method further comprises:
engaging the tool interface using a socket of a ratchet to drive rotation of the body of the implant into the bone.

### Claim 24 (depends on 16)

The implant method of claim 16, further comprising a reservoir including a first port in fluid communication with the reservoir and a second port in fluid communication with the reservoir,
wherein the method further comprises:
coupling the reservoir to the implant to bring the first port into fluid communication with a bore of the implant.

### Claim 25 (depends on 24)

The implant method of claim 24, wherein the first port is substantially perpendicular to the second port.

### Claim 26 (depends on 16)

The implant method of claim 16, wherein the body is a first body,
wherein the method further comprises:
inserting a plug into an opening in a blood vessel, the plug including:
a second body,
a mechanical stop coupled to the second body,
a bore directed entirely through the second body, and
a retainer having an opening, the second body configured to be received through the opening to secure the retainer to the second body, and
wherein upon inserting the plug into the opening in the blood vessel, a wall of the blood vessel is positioned between the mechanical stop and the retainer.

### Claim 27 (depends on 26)

The implant method of claim 26, wherein the mechanical stop extends beyond the opening in the blood vessel and contacts the wall of the blood vessel,
wherein the opening of the retainer is configured to be smaller than a portion of the second body, and
wherein the method further comprises:
inserting the portion of the second body into the opening of the retainer such that the opening expands and the retainer retracts around the portion of the second body to secure the retainer to the second body.

### Claim 28 (depends on 26)

The implant method of claim 26, wherein the mechanical stop is configured to be compressed into a compressed state and expanded into an expanded state,
wherein the method further comprises:
inserting the mechanical stop in the compressed state through the opening of the blood vessel,
wherein the mechanical stop transitions from the compressed state to the expanded state while the mechanical stop is positioned in the blood vessel, and
wherein the mechanical stop in the expanded state is blocked from being retreated back through the opening of the blood vessel.

### Claim 29 (depends on 26)

The implant method of claim 26, wherein a first location of the opening in the bone and a second location of the opening in the blood vessel are coplanar.

### Claim 30 (depends on 16)

The implant method of claim 16, wherein the implant includes:
an extension that extends past the second end of the body, and
a bore that is directed through the body and the extension, and
wherein the method further comprises:
extending the needle through the bore and past the extension.