# US 2025/0097446 A1 · Image decoding device using differential coding > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2025/0097446 A1 - Document ID: US20250097446A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 18/965,219 - Filed: 2024-12-02 - Published: 2025-03-20 - Earliest claimed: 2019-03-13 - Assignees: Hyundai Motor Company; Kia Corporation; Ewha University-Industry Collaboration Foundation - Applicants: Hyundai Motor Company; Kia Corporation; Ewha University-Industry Collaboration Foundation - Inventors: Je Won Kang; Sang Hyo Park; Seung Wook Park; Wha Pyeong Lim - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20250097446A1 ## CPC - H04N 19/46: Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process (H04N19/517, H04N19/68, H04N19/70 take precedence) - H04N 19/105: Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction - H04N 19/11: among a plurality of spatial predictive coding modes - H04N 19/117: Filters, e.g. for pre-processing or post-processing (sub-band filter banks H04N19/635) - H04N 19/12: Selection from among a plurality of transforms or standards, e.g. selection between discrete cosine transform [DCT] and sub-band transform or selection between H.263 and H.264 - H04N 19/13: Adaptive entropy coding, e.g. adaptive variable length coding [AVLC] or context adaptive binary arithmetic coding [CABAC] - H04N 19/159: Prediction type, e.g. intra-frame, inter-frame or bidirectional frame prediction - H04N 19/176: the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock - H04N 19/70: characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards - H04N 19/82: involving filtering within a prediction loop - H04N 19/119: Adaptive subdivision aspects, e.g. subdivision of a picture into rectangular or non-rectangular coding blocks - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION ## Abstract A video decoding method is configured to reconstruct a current block that is encoded using an intra prediction. The method includes decoding, from a bitstream, direction information indicating a direction of differential coding applied to a residual block of the current block, generating the residual block from residual signals by reconstructing and using the information on the residual signals from the bitstream and using the direction information, inversely quantizing the modified residual block, generating a prediction block for the current block through intra prediction, and reconstructing the current block by adding the prediction block and the inverse quantized residual block. ## Claims ### Claim at position 1 1-18. (canceled) ### Claim 19 A video decoding apparatus for reconstructing a current block that is encoded using an intra prediction, the video decoding apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to: decode, from a bitstream, direction information indicating a direction of differential coding applied to a residual block of the current block; generate the residual block by reconstructing information on residual signals from the bitstream; generate a modified residual block by modifying the residual signals in the residual block based on the direction information, wherein each target residual signal to be modified in the residual block is modified by being summed with one or more residual signals in the residual block that are arranged in a direction indicated by the direction information from the target residual signal; inversely quantize the modified residual block into an inverse quantized residual block; infer an intra prediction mode of the current block from the direction of differential coding indicated by the direction information decoded from the bitstream, without decoding information on the intra prediction mode of the current block from the bitstream and without using information on an intra prediction mode of a neighboring block adjacent to the current block, and generate a prediction block for the current block by intra predicting the current block based on the inferred intra prediction mode; and reconstruct the current block by adding the prediction block and the inverse quantized residual block. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The video decoding apparatus of claim 19, the at least one processor is further configured to: decode, from the bitstream, a flag indicating whether the differential coding has been applied to the residual block of the current block, wherein the direction information is decoded from the bitstream when the flag indicates that the differential coding has been applied to the residual block of the current block. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) The video decoding apparatus of claim 19, wherein the direction information indicates any one of a horizontal direction or a vertical direction. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The video decoding apparatus of claim 21, wherein, when the direction information indicates the horizontal direction, the target residual signal is modified by being summed with left residual signals located leftward of the target residual signal on a same row as the target residual signal. ### Claim 23 (depends on 21) The video decoding apparatus of claim 21, wherein, when the direction information indicates the vertical direction, the target residual signal is modified by being summed with upper residual signals located upwardly of the target residual signal on a same column as the target residual signal. ### Claim 24 (depends on 19) The video decoding apparatus of claim 19, wherein the intra prediction mode of the current block is set to have a prediction direction that coincides with a direction indicated by the direction information. ### Claim 25 (depends on 19) The video decoding apparatus of claim 19, wherein an inverse transform for the inverse quantized residual block is skipped. ### Claim 26 (depends on 19) The video decoding apparatus of claim 19, wherein the information on the residual signals comprises: information indicating whether the residual signals exist; and information indicating whether a transform skip mode is used. ### Claim 27 (depends on 19) The video decoding apparatus of claim 19, the at least one processor is further configured to: deblock-filter a boundary between the reconstructed current block and a reconstructed neighboring block adjacent to the reconstructed current block, wherein the deblock-filtering is not performed on the boundary between the reconstructed current block and the reconstructed neighboring block when the differential coding is applied to both a residual block of the reconstructed neighboring block and the residual block of the current block. ### Claim 28 An apparatus for transmitting a bitstream including encoded data of a current block, the apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to: generate the bitstream by encoding a current block using an intra prediction; and transmit the bitstream, wherein the at least one processor is configured to encode the current block by: determining a direction of differential coding to be applied to a residual block of the current block; generating a prediction block of the current block by intra-predicting the current block based on an intra prediction mode of the current block which is equal to the direction of differential coding, without using information on an intra prediction mode of a neighboring block adjacent to the current block; generating the residual block by subtracting the prediction block from the current block; generating a modified residual block by modifying residual signals in the residual block based on the direction of differential coding, wherein each target residual signal to be modified in the residual block is modified by subtracting, from the target residual signal, a neighboring residual signal which is adjacent to the target residual signal in the direction of differential coding; and encoding, into the bitstream, the modified residual block and information for indicating the direction of differential coding, wherein information on the intra prediction mode of the current block is not encoded such that the intra prediction mode of the current block is inferred from the information for indicating the direction of differential coding by a video decoding apparatus. ### Claim 29 A video encoding apparatus for encoding a current block using an intra prediction, the apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to: determine a direction of differential coding to be applied to a residual block of the current block; generate a prediction block of the current block by intra-predicting the current block based on an intra prediction mode of the current block which is equal to the direction of differential coding, without using information on an intra prediction mode of a neighboring block adjacent to the current block; generate the residual block by subtracting the prediction block from the current block; generate a modified residual block by modifying residual signals in the residual block based on the direction of differential coding, wherein each target residual signal to be modified in the residual block is modified by subtracting, from the target residual signal, a neighboring residual signal which is adjacent to the target residual signal in the direction of differential coding; and encode, into a bitstream, the modified residual block and information for indicating the direction of differential coding, wherein information on the intra prediction mode of the current block is not encoded such that the intra prediction mode of the current block is inferred from the information for indicating the direction of differential coding by a video decoding apparatus.